ACT ON THE CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT OF UNINHABITED ISLANDS
Act No. 8620, Aug. 3, 2007
Amended by Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008
Act No. 9612, Apr. 1, 2009
Act No. 9758, jun. 9, 2009
Act No. 9774, jun. 9, 2009
Act No. 9763, jun. 9, 2009
Act No. 10331, May 31, 2010
Act No. 10666, May 19, 2011
Act No. 10977, Jul. 28, 2011
Act No. 11037, Aug. 4, 2011
Act No. 11257, Feb. 1, 2012
Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013
Act No. 11806, May 22, 2013
Act No. 12738, jun. 3, 2014
Act No. 12844, Nov. 19, 2014
Act No. 13797, Jan. 19, 2016
Act No. 14480, Dec. 27, 2016
Act No. 14839, Jul. 26, 2017
Act No. 16902, Jan. 29, 2020
Act No. 17027, Feb. 18, 2020
Act No. 17171, Mar. 31, 2020
Act No. 18058, Apr. 13, 2021
Act No. 18310, Jul. 20, 2021
Act No. 18522, Nov. 30, 2021
Act No. 19251, Mar. 21, 2023
Act No. 19415, May 16, 2023
Act No. 19590, Aug. 8, 2023
Act No. 19690, Aug. 16, 2023
CHAPTER I GENERAL PROVISIONS
The purpose of this Act is to contribute to the promotion of public welfare with the systematic management of uninhabited islands and surrounding waters by prescribing matters necessary for the conservation and management of uninhabited islands and surrounding waters.
The terms used in this Act are defined as follows: <Amended on Feb. 18, 2020; Aug. 16, 2023>
| 1. | The term "uninhabited island" means naturally formed land which is surrounded by the sea and appears above the surface of the sea at flood, where no person lives (referring to settling and doing economic activities continuously; hereinafter the same shall apply): Provided, That an island on which people live in the limited area only for the following reasons shall be deemed an uninhabited island; |
| (c) | Temporary residence for lawful fishing under the Fisheries Act; |
| (d) | Stationing for military purposes or public security; |
| (e) | Development of uninhabited islands for which a plan for development project has been approved pursuant to Article 16 (applicable only before the completion of development works, where residential facilities are included for development); |
| (f) | Implementation of other purposes permitted, approved, etc. by the relevant administrative agencies; |
| 2. | The term "surrounding waters" means the sea within one kilometer from the high-water line of an uninhabited island, excluding the sea prescribed by Presidential Decree, such as a harbor area under subparagraph 4 of Article 2 of the Harbor Act; |
| 3. | The term "land exposed at the ebb" means naturally formed land that appears above the surface of the sea at the ebb and submerges under the surface of the sea at the flood; |
| 4. | The term "uninhabited island at the starting point of the territorial sea" means an uninhabited island recognized as the ordinary baseline or the straight line pursuant to Article 2 (1) and (2) of the Territorial Sea and Contiguous Zone Act and land exposed at the ebb recognized as the baseline for measuring the width of the territorial sea in accordance with international law. |
| Article 3 (Responsibilities of the State) |
The State and local governments shall formulate and execute policies necessary for the proper conservation and management of uninhabited islands, such as protecting uninhabited islands and surrounding waters from being damaged, or indiscreetly utilized or developed.
| Article 4 (Establishment of Integrated Information System) |
| (1) | The Minister of Oceans and Fisheries may establish and operate an integrated information system about the uninhabited islands and surrounding waters for the efficient conservation and management thereof. <Amended on Feb. 29, 2008; Mar. 23, 2013> |
| (2) | Matters necessary for the establishment and operation of the integrated information system about the uninhabited islands and surrounding waters under paragraph (1) shall be prescribed by Ordinance of the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries. <Amended on Feb. 29, 2008; Mar. 23, 2013> |
| Article 5 (Relationship to Other Statutes) |
| (1) | Islands designated as specified islands in accordance with the Special Act on the Preservation of the Ecosystems in Island Areas including Dokdo shall not be governed by this Act. |
| (2) | This Act shall apply to the conservation, utilization or development of uninhabited islands and surrounding waters (hereinafter referred to as "uninhabited island"), unless otherwise specifically provided for in other statutes. |
CHAPTER II COMPREHENSIVE MANAGEMENT PLANS OF UNINHABITED ISLANDS
| Article 6 (Comprehensive Management Plans) |
| (1) | The Minister of Oceans and Fisheries shall formulate and execute a comprehensive management plan for the conservation, utilization or development of uninhabited islands and surrounding waters (hereinafter referred to as "comprehensive management plan") every 10 years, as prescribed by Presidential Decree. In such cases, he or she shall consult the head of the relevant central administrative agency in advance. <Amended on Feb. 29, 2008; Mar. 23, 2013> |
| (2) | A comprehensive management plan shall be decided after deliberation thereon by the Central Committee for Deliberation on Coastal Management (hereinafter referred to as the "Committee") pursuant to Article 30 (1) of the Coast Management Act. <Amended on Apr. 1, 2009> |
| (3) | A comprehensive management plan shall include the following matters: |
| 1. | The basic policy direction on the conservation, utilization or development of uninhabited islands; |
| 2. | The scope, necessity, etc. of a comprehensive management plan; |
| 3. | A management plan of uninhabited islands by type; |
| 4. | Support necessary for the management of uninhabited islands; |
| 5. | Matters concerning the management, etc. of uninhabited islands at the starting point of the territorial sea; |
| 6. | Matters concerning the present status on the management of uninhabited islands in accordance with other Acts; |
| 8. | Other matters prescribed by Presidential Decree, which are necessary for the conservation, utilization or development of uninhabited islands. |
| (4) | When the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries intends to formulate a comprehensive management plan, he or she shall hear opinions of Metropolitan City Mayors, Do Governors or the Governor of a Special Self-Governing Province (hereinafter referred to as "Mayor/Do Governor") in advance. In such cases, a Mayor/Do Governor shall hear opinions of the head of a Si/Gun/Gu under his or her jurisdiction before he or she submits his or her opinion to the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries. <Amended on Feb. 29, 2008; Mar. 23, 2013> |
| (5) | When a comprehensive management plan has been decided pursuant to paragraph (2), the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries shall announce it without delay, as prescribed by Presidential Decree, and notify the head of the relevant central administrative agency and Mayors/Do Governors thereof. <Amended on Feb. 29, 2008; Mar. 23, 2013> |
| (6) | A Mayor/Do Governor (excluding the Governor of Jeju Special Self-Governing Province) notified pursuant to paragraph (5) shall notify the head of a Si, Gun or autonomous Gu (hereinafter referred to as "head of a Si/Gun/Gu") so that any person may read a comprehensive management plan on the area under his or her jurisdiction. |
| (7) | When it is deemed necessary to amend a comprehensive management plan, or the head of the relevant administrative agency requests an amendment to the plan, the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries may amend it. <Amended on Feb. 29, 2008; Mar. 23, 2013> |
| (8) | The latter part of paragraph (1), paragraphs (2) and (4) through (6) shall apply mutatis mutandis to cases where a comprehensive management plan is amended pursuant to paragraph (7): Provided, That where any insignificant matter prescribed by Presidential Decree is amended, paragraphs (5) and (6) only shall apply mutatis mutandis to such amendment. |
| (9) | Matters necessary for methods, etc. of notification and reading pursuant to paragraphs (5) and (6) shall be prescribed by Ordinance of the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries. <Amended on Feb. 29, 2008; Mar. 23, 2013> |
| Article 7 (Special Management Plan) |
| (1) | Where it is deemed particularly necessary for the conservation and management of uninhabited islands at the starting point of the territorial sea, the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries may formulate and execute a special management plan for uninhabited islands at the starting point of the territorial sea (hereinafter referred to as "special management plan"). <Amended on Feb. 29, 2008; Mar. 23, 2013> |
| (2) | Matters necessary for the formulation and execution of a special management plan shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree. |
| Article 8 (Deliberation by Committee) |
The following matters which are important policies concerning the conservation, utilization or development of uninhabited islands shall undergo deliberation by the Committee:
| 1. | Matters concerning the formulation and amendment of a comprehensive management plan; |
| 2. | Matters concerning designation of uninhabited islands by type of management, and the change thereof pursuant to Article 10; |
| 3. | Where the relevant administrative agencies collide over policies on the conservation, utilization or development of uninhabited islands, matters concerning the adjustment thereof; |
| 4. | Other matters prescribed by Presidential Decree, which are necessary for the conservation, utilization or development of uninhabited islands. |
[This Article Wholly Amended on Apr. 1, 2009]
| Article 9 (Inspection on Actual Conditions) |
| (1) | The Minister of Oceans and Fisheries shall conduct a comprehensive inspection on the actual conditions of uninhabited islands every 10 years for the efficient conservation and management of uninhabited islands: Provided, That where there are grounds prescribed by Ordinance of the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries, such as a sudden environmental change due to a natural disaster, he or she may conduct an inspection on actual conditions as occasion demands. <Amended on Feb. 29, 2008; Mar. 23, 2013> |
| (2) | Where it is deemed necessary for conducting an inspection on actual conditions pursuant to paragraph (1), the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries may hear an opinion of the head of the relevant administrative agency, and may request them to submit necessary data if deemed necessary. <Amended on Feb. 29, 2008; Mar. 23, 2013> |
| (3) | Where it is deemed necessary or the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries is requested by the head of the relevant administrative agency, he or she may conduct a joint inspection on actual conditions together with relevant central administrative agencies, local governments, civil organizations, etc. <Amended on Feb. 29, 2008; Mar. 23, 2013> |
| (4) | When cultural heritage, plants, animals, landforms, scenes, natural creation, etc. meeting the requirements for designation of any of the following (hereinafter referred to as "cultural heritage, etc.") are discovered after inspection on actual conditions pursuant to paragraph (1), the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries shall notify the heads of relevant central administrative agencies of such discovery: <Amended on Feb. 29, 2008; Jun. 9, 2009; Jul. 28, 2011; Mar. 23, 2013; Mar. 21, 2023; Aug. 8, 2023; Aug. 16, 2023> |
| 1. | Cultural heritage under the Act on Preservation and Utilization of Cultural Heritage (including a cultural heritage protection zone; hereinafter the same shall apply); |
| 1-2. | Natural heritage (including a protection zone) under the Act on Preservation and Utilization of Natural Heritage; |
| (5) | Matters necessary for subjects, methods, etc. of inspections on actual conditions under paragraphs (1) through (4) shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree. |
CHAPTER III CONSERVATION, UTILIZATION OR DEVELOPMENT OF UNINHABITED ISLANDS
SECTION 1 Designation of Uninhabited Islands by Type of Management
| Article 10 (Designation of Uninhabited Islands by Type of Management) |
| (1) | The Minister of Oceans and Fisheries shall designate uninhabited islands by type of management according to the following classifications for the effective management thereof, and publicly notify such designation, as prescribed by Presidential Decree: <Amended on Feb. 29, 2008; Mar. 23, 2013; Aug. 16, 2023> |
| 1. | Uninhabited islands under absolute conservation: Uninhabited islands for which measures to restrict certain acts should be taken or measures to restrict ordinary access are necessary because their value of conservation is very high or they need to be particularly conserved in connection with the establishment of the territorial sea; |
| 2. | Uninhabited islands under quasi-conservation: Uninhabited islands for which measures to restrict certain acts should be taken or measures to restrict access temporarily may be taken if necessary, because their value of conservation is high; |
| 3. | Available uninhabited islands: Uninhabited islands where people's access and certain acts are permitted to the extent that the conservation and management of such islands are not undermined; |
| 4. | Developable uninhabited islands: Uninhabited islands where certain development is permitted, not falling under the provisions of subparagraphs 1 through 3. |
| (2) | Where the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries designates uninhabited islands as uninhabited islands under absolute conservation or quasi-conservation pursuant to paragraph (1), he or she shall hear an opinion of the Minister of Environment in advance. <Amended on Feb. 29, 2008; Mar. 23, 2013> |
| (3) | Where the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries intends to designate a type of management of an uninhabited island pursuant to paragraph (1), he or she shall consider the following matters: <Amended on Feb. 29, 2008; Mar. 23, 2013> |
| 1. | The location and area of an uninhabited island, and the distance from land; |
| 2. | The actual conditions of the natural environment and ecosystem of an uninhabited island; |
| 3. | The historical value of an uninhabited island; |
| 4. | Facilities on an uninhabited island and the present status of the utilization thereof; |
| 5. | Whether people lived in an uninhabited island in the past and the possibility that people will live in an uninhabited island in the future; |
| 6. | A development plan by a local government; |
| 7. | The meaning of an uninhabited island in connection with the establishment of the territorial sea; |
| 8. | Whether an uninhabited island is subject to management under other Acts; |
| 9. | Other matters prescribed by Ordinance of the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries, which are necessary for the classification of types of management. |
| (4) | Where two or more uninhabited islands stand close together and the integrated management thereof is required due to their homogeneity, etc., the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries may group two or more uninhabited islands to designate the same type of management under paragraph (1), and where it is deemed necessary for managing one uninhabited island in an efficient way, he or she may divide areas of the relevant uninhabited island and separately designate the type of management thereof under paragraph (1). <Amended on Feb. 29, 2008; Mar. 23, 2013> |
| (5) | Where the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries intends to change a type of management of an uninhabited island designated, paragraphs (2) through (4) shall apply mutatis mutandis thereto. |
| Article 11 (Procedures for Designation of Types of Management) |
| (1) | Where the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries intends to designate a type of management of an uninhabited island pursuant to Article 10 (1), he or she shall hear opinions of interested parties, such as landowners of the relevant uninhabited island, civil organizations, etc. prescribed by Presidential Decree, and the head of each competent local government (hereafter in this Article referred to as "interested parties, etc."), and consult the heads of relevant central administrative agencies and then undergo deliberation thereon by the Committee pursuant to Article 8. The same shall also apply where he or she intends to change the designated type of management of an uninhabited island. <Amended on Feb. 29, 2008; Apr. 1, 2009; Mar. 23, 2013> |
| (2) | Where the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries designates or changes a type of management of an uninhabited island pursuant to paragraph (1), he or she shall notify the landowners of relevant uninhabited islands of specific details about the grounds for such designation or change. <Amended on Feb. 29, 2008; Mar. 23, 2013> |
| (3) | Interested parties, etc. may request the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries to change a type of management of an uninhabited island, as prescribed by Presidential Decree. <Amended on Feb. 29, 2008; Mar. 23, 2013> |
| (4) | Interested parties, etc. who have a different opinion about the designation or change of a type of management of an uninhabited island pursuant to paragraph (1) may raise an objection with the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries, as prescribed by Presidential Decree. <Amended on Feb. 29, 2008; Mar. 23, 2013> |
| (5) | When an objection is raised pursuant to paragraph (4), the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries shall re-deliberate on a type of management of an uninhabited island according to procedures prescribed under paragraph (1), and where it is deemed necessary for re-deliberation, he or she may conduct a joint inspection in which the interested parties, etc. participate, as prescribed by Presidential Decree. <Amended on Feb. 29, 2008; Mar. 23, 2013> |
| (6) | Article 6 (5) and (6) shall apply mutatis mutandis to cases where a type of management of an uninhabited island is designated or changed. |
SECTION 2 Conservation of Uninhabited Islands
| Article 12 (Restrictions on Acts on Uninhabited Islands under Absolute Conservation) |
| (1) | No person shall perform the following acts on uninhabited islands under absolute conservation: <Amended on Feb. 29, 2008; Jul. 28, 2011; Feb. 1, 2012; Mar. 23, 2013; Feb. 18, 2020; Aug. 16, 2023> |
| 1. | New construction, expansion or reconstruction of a building or an artificial structure; |
| 2. | Changing the form and quality of the land; |
| 3. | Clearing, reclamation, dredging or land reclamation by drainage; |
| 4. | Quarrying for collecting soil and stone, mining of minerals, and development of underground water; |
| 5. | Felling or causing damage to standing trees and bamboos; |
| 7. | Capturing, killing, or collecting animals or plants living in an uninhabited island, or taking any captured wild animals, etc. out of the relevant uninhabited island: Provided, That cases where a resident in any area adjacent to such uninhabited island prescribed by Presidential Decree conducts any of such acts to secure livelihood shall be excluded herefrom; |
| 8. | Taking a natural creation out of an uninhabited island; |
| 9. | Dumping domestic wastes into an uninhabited island; |
| 10. | Cooking food by using flammable materials or camping in an uninhabited island: Provided, That cases where a person lives on such uninhabited island temporarily for any public purpose prescribed by Presidential Decree, such as the safe navigation of ships, shall be excluded herefrom; |
| 11. | Causing damage to geological features, the lay of the land and shapes of other natural creations. |
| (2) | Notwithstanding paragraph (1), acts specified in the subparagraphs of paragraph (1) are allowed on uninhabited islands under absolute conservation in any of the following cases: <Newly Inserted on Aug. 16, 2023> |
| 2. | Where the Minister of National Defense deems it necessary for the protection of military secrets or urgent military operation and thus has consultations with the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries. |
| (3) | Notwithstanding paragraphs (1) and (2), the Act on Preservation and Utilization of Cultural Heritage, the Act on Preservation and Utilization of Natural Heritage, the Wildlife Protection and Management Act, the Natural Environment Conservation Act, the Natural Parks Act, the Wetlands Conservation Act, the Creation and Management of Forest Resources Act, and the Forest Protection Act shall apply to all types of restrictions on acts toward cultural heritage, etc. located within uninhabited islands under absolute conservation, respectively. <Amended on Aug. 16, 2023> |
[Title Amended on Aug. 16, 2023]
| Article 12-2 (Restrictions on Acts on Uninhabited Islands under Quasi-Conservation) |
| (1) | No person shall perform any acts specified in the subparagraphs of Article 12 (1) on uninhabited islands under quasi-conservation. |
| (2) | Notwithstanding paragraph (1), where a shelter, a wharf, or any other public facilities prescribed by Presidential Decree are installed, repaired, expanded, or altered on an uninhabited island under quasi-conservation, an act under paragraph (1) may be performed with permission by the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries as prescribed by Presidential Decree, and the same shall apply where any permitted matter is modified. In such cases, the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries may grant permission or permission for modification, by attaching necessary condition or deadline. |
| (3) | Notwithstanding paragraphs (1) and (2), in cases falling under any subparagraph of Article 12 (2), an act under paragraph (1) may be performed on an uninhabited island under quasi-conservation without obtaining permission or permission for modification. |
| (4) | Where any permission, approval, authorization, etc. pursuant to other statutes or regulations are required in order to perform an act under paragraph (1) pursuant to paragraphs (2) and (3), such permission, approval, authorization, etc. shall be obtained. |
| (5) | Article 12 (3) shall apply mutatis mutandis to the restrictions on acts against cultural heritage, etc. located within uninhabited islands under quasi-conservation. <Amended on Aug. 16, 2023> |
[This Article Newly Inserted on Aug. 16, 2023]
| Article 12-3 (Restrictions on Acts on Available Uninhabited Islands) |
| (1) | No person shall perform any act under the subparagraphs of Article 12 (1) on an available uninhabited island: Provided, That the following acts may be allowed: |
| 1. | Raising livestock, among the acts specified in Article 12 (1) 6; |
| 2. | The following acts, among the acts under the main clause of Article 12 (1) 7 (hereinafter referred to as "fishing or others"); |
| (b) | Capturing, killing, or collecting animals or plants living in an uninhabited island for the purpose of leisure activities by the methods prescribed by Ordinance of the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries; |
| (2) | Notwithstanding paragraph (1), an act under paragraph (1) is allowed with permission by the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries in any of the following cases, as prescribed by Presidential Decree, and the same shall also apply where the permitted matters are modified. In such cases, the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries may grant permission or permission for modification, by attaching necessary condition or deadline: |
| 1. | Where a shelter, a wharf, or other public facilities prescribed by Presidential Decree are installed, repaired, expanded, or altered on an available uninhabited island; |
| 2. | Where the owner, manager, occupant, or user of the land or public waters installs, repairs, expands, or alters the facilities prescribed by Presidential Decree on an available uninhabited island. |
| (3) | Notwithstanding paragraphs (1) and (2), an act under paragraph (1) is allowed to be performed on an available uninhabited island without obtaining permission or permission for modification in cases falling under any subparagraph of Article 12 (2). |
| (4) | Where any permission, approval, authorization, etc. pursuant to other statutes or regulations are required in order to perform any act under paragraph (1) pursuant to paragraphs (2) and (3), such permission, approval, authorization, etc. shall be obtained. |
| (5) | Article 12 (3) shall apply mutatis mutandis to restrictions on acts toward cultural heritage, etc. located within an available uninhabited island. <Amended on Aug. 16, 2023> |
[This Article Newly Inserted on Aug. 16, 2023]
| Article 12-4 (Revocation of Permission) |
Where a person who has obtained permission or permission for modification under Article 12-2 (2) or 12-3 (2) falls under any of the following cases, the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries may revoke such permission or permission for modification, or order the suspension or revision of the relevant violations: Provided, That in cases falling under subparagraph 1, such permission or permission for modification shall be revoked: | 1. | Where the person obtains permission or permission for modification under Article 12-2 (2) or 12-3 (2) by fraud or other improper means; |
| 2. | Where the person violates any condition or deadline attached to permission or permission for modification under the latter part of Article 12-2 (2), or the later part, with the exception of the subparagraphs, of Article 12-3 (2). |
[This Article Newly Inserted on Aug. 16, 2023]
| Article 13 (Restrictions on Access to Uninhabited Islands under Absolute Conservation) |
| (1) | No person shall have access to uninhabited islands under absolute conservation: Provided, That this shall not apply to any of the following cases: <Amended on Feb. 29, 2008; Mar. 23, 2013> |
| 2. | Where a person has access to an uninhabited island for military purposes; |
| 3. | Where a person has access to an uninhabited island for the inspection pursuant to Article 21; |
| 4. | Where a person has access to an uninhabited island for emergency refuge owing to natural disasters, such as a typhoon; |
| 5. | Where a resident in the area adjacent to an uninhabited island prescribed by Presidential Decree has access to the island for activities, such as farming and fishery; |
| 6. | Where a person who owns land on an uninhabited island has access to the island for the management, etc. of such land; |
| 7. | Other cases where a person has obtained permission from the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries to have access to an uninhabited island for activities deemed necessary within the extent of purpose for the designation of an uninhabited island under absolute conservation pursuant to Article 10 (1) 1. |
| (2) | Where a person who has access to uninhabited islands under absolute conservation pursuant to the subparagraphs of paragraph (1) conducts activities other than purpose of access or destroys or damages the natural environment and the ecosystem, etc., the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries may restrict his or her access or order him or her to restore the original state. In such cases, the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries may revoke permission of access of a person who has obtained permission of access pursuant to paragraph (1) 7. <Newly Inserted on Apr. 13, 2021> |
| (3) | Matters necessary for the methods, procedures, etc. for obtaining permission of access pursuant to paragraph (1) 7 shall be prescribed by Ordinance of the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries. <Amended on Feb. 29, 2008; Mar. 23, 2013; Apr. 13, 2021> |
| (4) | Notwithstanding paragraph (1), the Act on Preservation and Utilization of Cultural Heritage, the Act on Preservation and Utilization of Natural Heritage, the Wildlife Protection and Management Act, the Natural Environment Conservation Act, the Natural Parks Act, the Wetlands Conservation Act, the Creation and Management of Forest Resources Act, and the Forest Protection Act shall apply to restrictions on access to cultural heritage, etc. located within the uninhabited islands under absolute conservation, respectively. <Amended on Aug. 16, 2023> |
[Title Amended on Apr. 13, 2021]
| Article 14 (Temporary Restrictions on Access to Uninhabited Islands under Quasi-Conservation) |
| (1) | Where it is deemed that emergency measures are needed to protect the natural environment or the ecosystem, the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries may restrict access to all or some areas of an uninhabited island under quasi-conservation for a prescribed period: Provided, That this shall not apply to any of the cases falling under subparagraphs referred to in Article 13 (1). <Amended on Feb. 29, 2008; Mar. 23, 2013> |
| (2) | Where access is restricted pursuant to paragraph (1), the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries shall announce such restriction, as prescribed by Ordinance of the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries. <Amended on Feb. 29, 2008; Mar. 23, 2013> |
| (3) | Where it is deemed that restrictions on access pursuant to paragraph (1) are unnecessary, the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries shall immediately cancel restrictions on access and announce such cancellation. <Amended on Feb. 29, 2008; Mar. 23, 2013> |
| Article 15 Deleted. <Aug. 16, 2023> |
| Article 16 (Development of Developable Uninhabited Islands) |
| (1) | A person who intends to develop a developable uninhabited island shall prepare a business plan for development of a developable uninhabited island (hereinafter referred to as "plan for development project"), as prescribed by Presidential Decree, and obtain approval from the competent Mayor/Do Governor: Provided, That where he or she intends to develop a developable uninhabited island more than a scale prescribed by Presidential Decree, he or she shall obtain approval from the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries. <Amended on Feb. 29, 2008; Mar. 23, 2013> |
| (2) | Notwithstanding the main clause of paragraph (1), where a person intends to develop a developable uninhabited island less than a scale prescribed by Presidential Decree, he or she need not prepare a plan for development project. |
| (3) | Where a Mayor/Do Governor intends to approve a plan for development project pursuant to the main clause of paragraph (1), he or she shall consult the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries and the head of the relevant central administrative agency in advance, and where the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries intends to approve a plan for development project pursuant to the proviso of paragraph (1), he or she shall consult the head of the relevant central administrative agency and the competent Mayor/Do Governor in advance. <Amended on Feb. 29, 2008; Mar. 23, 2013> |
| (4) | Where the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries or a Mayor/Do Governor has approved a business plan for development pursuant to paragraph (1), he or she shall announce such approval, as prescribed by Ordinance of the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries. <Amended on Feb. 29, 2008; Mar. 23, 2013> |
| (5) | Paragraphs (1), (3) and (4) shall apply mutatis mutandis to any modification of an approved plan for development project: Provided, That this shall not apply to any modification of any insignificant matters prescribed by Presidential Decree. |
| (6) | The State or a local government may fully or partially subsidize expenses, within the budget, incurred in building public facilities and infrastructure, such as roads, harbor facilities, water supply, sewerage, and electricity facilities that are necessary for developing uninhabited islands for which a plan for development project has been approved under paragraph (1). <Amended on Aug. 16, 2023> |
| Article 17 (Revocation of Plan for Development Projects) |
| (1) | Where a person who has obtained approval for a plan for development project pursuant to Article 16 (1) falls under any of the following cases, the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries or a Mayor/Do Governor may revoke such approval or take necessary measures, such as the suspension or change of the relevant work, as prescribed by Presidential Decree: <Amended on Feb. 29, 2008; Mar. 23, 2013; Feb. 18, 2020> |
| 1. | Where he or she has obtained approval for a plan for development project by deceit or other unlawful means; |
| 2. | Where he or she has violated the purpose or conditions of approval or changed a plan for development project or a development project without approval for such modification; |
| 3. | Where he or she has failed to commence development works without justifiable grounds for two years or more after approval is obtained or has suspended work for one year or more after development works are commenced. |
| (2) | Notwithstanding paragraph (1), where a person who has obtained approval for a plan for development project falls under paragraph (1) 1 or violates an order for measures issued under paragraph (1), the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries or a Mayor/Do Governor shall revoke such approval. |
| Article 18 (Legal Fiction of Authorization and Permission) |
| (1) | Where the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries or a Mayor/Do Governor has approved a plan for development project or approved a modification thereof pursuant to Article 16, the following permission, authorization, consultation, consent, approval, reporting, cancellation, etc. (hereafter in this Article referred to as "authorization, permission, etc."), with regard to which he or she has a prior consultation with the head of the relevant administrative agency in charge of authorization, permission, etc. shall be deemed granted, and where an approval of a plan for development project is publicly announced pursuant to Article 16 (4), authorization, permission, etc. shall be deemed publicly notified or publicly announced in accordance with the relevant following statutes: <Amended on Feb. 29, 2008; Jun. 9, 2009; May 31, 2010; Aug. 4, 2011; Mar. 23, 2013; May 22, 2013; Jun. 3, 2014; Dec. 27, 2016; Jan. 29, 2020; Mar. 31, 2020; Jul. 20, 2021; Nov. 30, 2021; May 16, 2023> |
| 1. | Consent to building permission, etc. under Article 6 (1) of the Act on Installation and Management of Firefighting Systems; |
| (2) | Where the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries or a Mayor/Do Governor intends to approve a plan for development project or any modification thereof, if the content subject to approval includes matters specified in any subparagrphs of paragraph (1), he or she shall have a prior consultation with the head of the relevant administrative agency. <Newly Inserted on May 22, 2013; May 16, 2023> |
| (3) | The relevant administrative agency in charge of authorization, permission, etc. shall submit his or her opinion within 20 days from the receipt of a request for consultation under paragraph (2), and may request the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries or a Mayor/Do Governor to extend the deadline for the submission of opinion if any unavoidable grounds exist, such as implementation of administrative procedures. In such cases, the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries or a Mayor/Do Governor may extend the deadline by up to 10 days, and if the head of a relevant administrative agency fails to submit an opinion by the due date, a consultation shall be deemed held. <Amended on May 16, 2023> |
| (4) | Except as provided in paragraphs (1) through (3), Articles 24 through 26 of the Framework Act on Administration shall apply mutatis mutandis to the criteria and effects of legal fiction of authorization, permission, etc. <Newly Inserted on May 22, 2013; May 16, 2023> |
| (5) | Deleted. <May 16, 2023> |
SECTION 3 Management of Uninhabited Islands at Starting Point of Territorial Sea
| Article 19 (Management of Uninhabited Islands at Starting Point of Territorial Sea) |
| (1) | The Minister of Oceans and Fisheries shall take measures necessary for executing a special management plan under Article 7 for the protection of uninhabited islands at the starting point of the territorial sea, as prescribed by Ordinance of the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries. <Amended on Feb. 29, 2008; Mar. 23, 2013> |
| (2) | The Minister of Oceans and Fisheries shall devise a regular reporting and management system, as prescribed by Presidential Decree, in preparation for cases where the shape and condition of an uninhabited island at the starting point of the territorial sea is damaged or is likely to be damaged. <Amended on Feb. 29, 2008; Mar. 23, 2013> |
| (3) | Where the shape and condition of an uninhabited island at the starting point of the territorial sea have been damaged or are likely to be damaged, the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries shall take measures for preventing additional damage within budgetary limits. <Amended on Feb. 29, 2008; Mar. 23, 2013> |
CHAPTER IV SUPPLEMENTARY PROVISIONS
| Article 20 (Suspension Order) |
| (1) | The Minister of Oceans and Fisheries may order the following persons to cease the relevant act. <Amended on Aug. 16, 2023> |
| 2. | A person who performs an act under Article 12-2 (1) without obtaining permission or permission for modification under the former part of Article 12-2 (2) or a person who performs an act under Article 12-2 (1) in violation of the condition or deadline specified in the latter part of Article 12-2 (2); |
| 3. | A person who performs an act under Article 12-3 (1) without obtaining permission or permission for modification under the former part of Article 12-3 (2), or a person who performs an act under paragraph (1) of that Article in violation of the condition or deadline specified in the latter part of Article 12-3 (2). |
| (2) | Where a person who develops an uninhabited island falls under any of the following subparagraphs, the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries or a Mayor/Do Governor may order him or her to cease such act, and where causes attributable to him or her exist, the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries or a Mayor/Do Governor may order him or her to reinstate the uninhabited island within a reasonable period fixed, and where it is difficult to reinstate, the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries or a Mayor/Do Governor may order him or her to take measures corresponding thereto: <Amended on Feb. 29, 2008; Mar. 23, 2013> |
| 1. | Where a person has developed an uninhabited island without having obtained approval for a plan for development project or approval for change thereof, in violation of Article 16 (1) or (5); |
| 2. | Where approval for a plan for development project has been revoked pursuant to Article 17. |
| Article 21 (Check on Uninhabited Islands) |
| (1) | The Minister of Oceans and Fisheries may allow a State agency prescribed by Presidential Decree to check up or confirm matters concerning uninhabited islands, as prescribed by Ordinance of the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries. <Amended on Feb. 29, 2008; Mar. 23, 2013> |
| (2) | Where it is requested by the head of the relevant central administrative agency to check up or confirm matters concerning uninhabited islands, the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries shall comply therewith unless there is a compelling reason not to do so. <Amended on Feb. 29, 2008; Mar. 23, 2013; Feb. 18, 2020> |
| (3) | Where it is deemed necessary for the efficient management of uninhabited islands, the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries may allow a State agency to check up or confirm matters concerning uninhabited islands jointly with the relevant central administrative agency. <Amended on Feb. 29, 2008; Mar. 23, 2013> |
| Article 22 (Access to Another Person's Land) |
| (1) | Where it is deemed necessary for conducting an inspection on actual conditions pursuant to Article 9, the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries may allow the relevant public official or an inspector of uninhabited islands pursuant to Article 26 to enter another person's land, building or fishing ground (hereinafter referred to as "land, etc."), or change or remove trees, soil, stones or other obstacles placed on such land, etc. <Amended on Feb. 29, 2008; Mar. 23, 2013> |
| (2) | A person who intends to enter another person's land, etc. or to change or remove an obstacle pursuant to paragraph (1) shall obtain the consent of an owner, manager, occupant or user (hereinafter referred to as "owner, etc.") of such land, etc.: Provided, That this shall not apply where 14 days have passed after the relevant fact was posted on the notice board of the office of an Eup/Myeon/Dong having jurisdiction over the relevant uninhabited island or announced on a daily newspaper because the owner, etc. of land, etc is unknown. <Amended on Feb. 18, 2020> |
| (3) | No owner, etc. of land or pubic waters shall interfere with access of the relevant public official or an inspector to his or her land or public waters, or works to change or remove an obstacle pursuant to paragraph (1) without justifiable grounds. |
| (4) | A person who intends to enter another person's land, etc. under paragraph (1) shall carry with him or herself the identification card indicating his or her authority and produce it to related persons, as prescribed by Ordinance of the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries. <Amended on Feb. 29, 2008; Mar. 23, 2013> |
| Article 23 (Purchase of Land, etc) |
| (1) | Where it is deemed necessary to conserve uninhabited islands under absolute conservation and under quasi-conservation, the State or a local government may purchase land, etc. in consultation with an owner of land, etc. |
| (2) | Where the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries purchases land, etc. pursuant to paragraph (1), the purchase price thereof shall be based on the price calculated in accordance with the Act on Acquisition of and Compensation for Land, etc. for Public Works. <Amended on Feb. 29, 2008; Mar. 23, 2013> |
| (3) | Matters necessary for procedures, etc. for purchase of land, etc. pursuant to paragraph (1) shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree. |
| Article 24 (Request for Purchase of Land) |
| (1) | A person whose land utility has been substantially reduced because the designation as an uninhabited island under absolute conservation or under quasi-conservation prevented such land from being used for its originally intended purpose and who falls under any of the following subparagraphs may request the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries to purchase such land: <Amended on Feb. 29, 2008; Mar. 23, 2013> |
| 1. | A person who continues to own such land from the time of designation as an uninhabited island under absolute conservation or under quasi-conservation; |
| 2. | A person who inherited such land from a person referred to in subparagraph 1 and continues to own it. |
| (2) | Where land that the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries has been requested to purchase pursuant to paragraph (1) meets standards pursuant to paragraph (3), he or she shall purchase it. <Amended on Feb. 29, 2008; Mar. 23, 2013> |
| (3) | Specific criteria for land subject to purchase shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree. |
| Article 25 (Measures for Stabilization of Price of Real Estate) |
| (1) | The Minister of Oceans and Fisheries, the head of the relevant central administrative agency and the competent Mayor/Do Governor shall take measures necessary for stabilizing the price of real estate on available uninhabited islands and developable uninhabited islands. <Amended on Feb. 29, 2008; Mar. 23, 2013> |
| (2) | The competent Mayor/Do Governor shall request the head of the relevant central administrative agency to take the following measures in relation to areas where speculation in real estate or a sudden rise in the price of real estate is apprehended due to the utilization and development of available uninhabited islands and developable uninhabited islands: <Amended on Jan. 19, 2016> |
| 3. | Other measures necessary for stabilizing the price of real estate. |
| Article 26 (Inspectors of Uninhabited Islands) |
| (1) | The Minister of Oceans and Fisheries may commission inspectors of uninhabited islands (hereinafter referred to as "inspectors") during the relevant inspection period to effectively conduct an inspection on actual conditions pursuant to Article 9. <Amended on Feb. 29, 2008; Mar. 23, 2013> |
| (2) | Matters necessary for the qualifications, procedures, etc. for commissioning inspectors shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree. |
| Article 27 (Honorary Managers) |
| (1) | The Minister of Oceans and Fisheries may commission members of a corporation or an organization related to an uninhabited island, residents, etc. in the adjacent areas as honorary managers (hereinafter referred to as "honorary managers") to efficiently manage uninhabited islands. <Amended on Feb. 29, 2008; Mar. 23, 2013> |
| (2) | Matters necessary for the qualifications, methods, the scope of activities, etc. of honorary managers shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree. |
| Article 28 (Succession to Rights or Obligations) |
| (1) | Where a person who has obtained approval for a plan for development project of a developable uninhabited island pursuant to Article 16 transfers the development works or dies, or where a corporation merges with another corporation, a transferee, a successor or a corporation surviving the merger or a corporation incorporated by the merger shall succeed to rights or obligations accruing from approval. |
| (2) | A person who succeeds to the status of a person who obtained approval for a plan for development project of a developable uninhabited island pursuant to paragraph (1) shall report such succession to the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries or a Mayor/Do Governor within one month from the date he or she succeeds to such status, as prescribed by Ordinance of the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries. <Amended on Feb. 29, 2008; Mar. 23, 2013> |
| Article 29 (Report of Present Status of Uninhabited Islands) |
| (1) | Where an uninhabited island is in the area over which the head of a Si/Gun/Gu has jurisdiction, he or she shall submit the following data for the previous year to a Mayor/Do Governor by January 31 each year, as prescribed by Ordinance of the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries: <Amended on Feb. 29, 2008; Mar. 23, 2013; Feb. 18, 2020> |
| 1. | The present status of an increase or decrease in uninhabited islands; |
| 2. | The present status of uninhabited islands subject to other Acts; |
| 3. | The present status of approval for a plan for development project. |
| (2) | A Mayor/Do Governor shall report the integrated data received under paragraph (1) to the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries by not later than the end of February each year. <Amended on Feb. 29, 2008; Mar. 23, 2013> |
| Article 30 (Establishment of Uninhabited Islands Conservation Association of Korea) |
| (1) | The Uninhabited Islands Conservation Association of Korea (hereinafter referred to as the "Association") may be established to perform projects such as studies, research, education, publicity, etc. of policies and systems concerning the conservation and management of uninhabited islands. |
| (2) | The Association shall be a juristic person. |
| (3) | The Association shall appropriate membership fees and the proceeds, etc. from projects for expenses incurred in performing projects, and the State or a local government may partially subsidize expenses incurred therein within budgetary limits. |
| (4) | Matters necessary for the organization, operation, etc. of the Association shall be prescribed by Ordinance of the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries. <Amended on Feb. 29, 2008; Mar. 23, 2013> |
| (5) | The provisions concerning incorporated associations as referred to in the Civil Act shall apply mutatis mutandis to matters not prescribed in this Act concerning the Association. |
Where the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries or a Mayor/Do Governor intends to make the following dispositions, he or she shall hold a hearing:
| 1. | Permission or revocation of permission for modification under Article 12-4; |
| 2. | Revocation of approval for plan for development project under Article 17. |
[This Article Wholly Amended on Aug. 16, 2023]
| Article 32 (Delegation of Authority) |
| (1) | The Minister of Oceans and Fisheries may delegate part of his or her authority under this Act to the Commissioner of the Korea Coast Guard a Mayor/Do Governor, or the head of an agency under his or her jurisdiction, as prescribed by Presidential Decree |
| (2) | A Mayor/Do Governor may delegate part of his or her authority under this Act to the head of a Si/Gun/Gu, as prescribed by Presidential Decree. |
[This Article Wholly Amended on Jul. 26, 2017]
| Article 33 (Legal Fiction as Public Officials in Application of Penalty Provisions) |
CHAPTER V PENALTY PROVISIONS
| Article 34 (Penalty Provisions) |
| (1) | Any of the following persons shall be punished by imprisonment with labor for not more than three years, or by a fine not exceeding 50 million won. <Amended on Aug. 16, 2023> |
| 1. | A person who performs an act specified in any subparagraph of Article 12 (1) 1 through 4, in violation of Article 12 (1); |
| 2. | A person who performs an act specified in Article 12-2 (1) (limited to an act specified in any subparagraph of Article 12 (1) 1 through 4) without obtaining permission or permission for modification under Article 12-2 (2). |
| (2) | Any of the following persons shall be punished by imprisonment with labor for not more than three years, or by a fine not exceeding 30 million won: <Amended on Aug. 16, 2023> |
| 1. | A person who performs an act specified in Article 12-3 (1) (limited to an act specified in any subparagraph of Article 12 (1) 1 through 4) without obtaining permission or permission for modification under Article 12-3 (2); |
| 2. | A person who fails to comply with an order to suspend or correct a violation specified in the main clause, with the exception of the subparagraphs, of Article 12-4; |
| 3. | A person who fails to comply with a suspension order under Article 20 (2). |
| Article 35 (Penalty Provisions) |
| (1) | Any of the following persons shall be punished by imprisonment with labor for not more than one year or by a fine not exceeding 20 million won. <Amended on Aug. 16, 2023> |
| 1. | A person who performs an act specified in Article 12 (1) 5, 6, 6-2, 7, 8, or 11, in violation of Article 12 (1); |
| 2. | A person who performs an act specified in Article 12-2 (1) (limited to an act referred to in any subparagraph of Article 12 (1) 5, 6, 6-2, 7, 8, and 11) without obtaining permission or permission for modification under Article 12-2 (2). |
| (2) | Any of the following persons shall be punished by imprisonment with labor for not more than one year, or by a fine not exceeding 10 million won: <Amended on Aug. 16, 2023> |
| 2. | A person who performs an act under Article 12-2 (1) (limited to an act specified in Article 12 (1) 9) without obtaining permission or permission for modification under Article 12-2 (2); |
| 3. | A person who performs an act under Article 12-3 (1) (limited to an act specified in any of Article 12 (1) 5, 6 (excluding livestock raising), 6-2, 7 (excluding fishing and others), 8, 9 and 11) without obtaining permission or permission for modification under Article 12-3 (2); breeding), 62, 7 (excluding a similar act), 8 through 9 and 11]. |
| 4. | A person who obtains permission or permission for modification under Article 12-2 (2) by fraud or other improper means; |
| 5. | A person who obtains permission or permission for modification under Article 12-3 (2) by fraud or other improper means; |
| 6. | A person who develops an uninhabited island without approval or approval for modification, in violation of Article 16 (1) or (5). |
| (3) | Deleted. <Aug. 16, 2023> |
| Article 36 (Joint Penalty Provisions) |
If the representative of a corporation, or an agent or employee of, or any other person employed by, the corporation or an individual commits an offense referred to in Article 34 or 35 in connection with the business affairs of the corporation or individual, not only shall such offender be punished, but also the corporation or individual shall be subject to a fine under the relevant Article: Provided, That this shall not apply where such corporation or individual has not been negligent in giving due attention and supervision concerning the relevant duties to prevent such offense. [This Article Wholly Amended on May 19, 2011]
| Article 37 (Administrative Fines) |
| (1) | Any of the following persons shall be subject to an administrative fine not exceeding three million won: <Amended on Aug. 16, 2023> |
| 1. | Any person who enters the uninhabited islands in violation of Article 13 or 14; |
| 2. | A person who fails to comply with a suspension order under Article 20 (1); |
| 3. | Deleted; <Aug. 16, 2023> |
| 4. | Deleted; <Aug. 16, 2023> |
| 5. | Any person who interferes with access to land, etc., or works to change or remove an obstacle, in violation of Article 22 (3). |
| (2) | Any of the following persons shall be subject to an administrative fine not exceeding one million won: <Amended on Aug. 16, 2023> |
| 1-2. | Any person who performs an act under Article 12-2 (1) (limited to an act specified in Article 12 (1) 10) without obtaining permission or permission for modification under Article 12-2 (2); |
| 2. | Any person who has access to land, etc., or changes or removes an obstacle without the consent of another person, in violation of Article 22 (2); |
| 3. | Any person who fails to produce his or her identification card, in violation of Article 22 (4). |
| (3) | Administrative fines under paragraphs (1) and (2) shall be imposed or collected by the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries or a Mayor/Do Governor, as prescribed by Presidential Decree. <Amended on Feb. 29, 2008; May 19, 2011; Mar. 23, 2013> |
| (4) | Deleted. <May 19, 2011> |
| (5) | Deleted. <May 19, 2011> |
| (6) | Deleted. <May 19, 2011> |
ADDENDA <Act No. 8620, Aug. 3, 2007>
| (1) | (Enforcement Date) This Act shall enter into force six months after the date of its promulgation. |
| (2) | (Transitional Measures concerning Development of Uninhabited Islands) Where permission, approval, reporting, etc. (hereafter in this paragraph referred to as "permission, etc.") of a development plan on an uninhabited island has been granted or made, or development according to permission, etc. is in progress in accordance with other Act before this Act enters into force, the relevant Act shall apply to such permission, etc. or development: Provided, That this shall not apply to cases where permission, etc. has been cancelled after this Act enters into force. |
ADDENDA<Act No. 8852, Feb. 29, 2008>
Article 1 (Enforcement Date)
This Act shall enter into force on the date of its promulgation. (Proviso Omitted.)
Articles 2 through 7 Omitted.
ADDENDUM<Act No. 9612, Apr. 1, 2009>
This Act shall enter into force one year after the date of its promulgation.
ADDENDA<Act No. 9758, Jun. 9, 2009>
Article 1 (Enforcement Date)
This Act shall enter into force six months after the date of its promulgation. (Proviso Omitted.)
Articles 2 through 23 Omitted.
ADDENDA<Act No. 9763, Jun. 9, 2009>
Article 1 (Enforcement Date)
This Act shall enter into force nine months after the date of its promulgation. (Proviso Omitted.)
Articles 2 through 8 Omitted.
ADDENDA<Act No. 9774, Jun. 9, 2009>
Article 1 (Enforcement Date)
This Act shall enter into force six months after the date of its promulgation.
Articles 2 through 19 Omitted.
ADDENDA<Act No. 10331, May 31, 2010>
Article 1 (Enforcement Date)
This Act shall enter into force six months after the date of its promulgation. (Proviso Omitted.)
Articles 2 through 13 Omitted.
ADDENDUM<Act No. 10666, May 19, 2011>
This Act shall enter into force on the date of its promulgation.
ADDENDA <Act No. 10977, Jul. 28, 2011>
Article 1 (Enforcement Date)
This Act shall enter into force one year after the date of its promulgation.
Articles 2 through 11 Omitted.
ADDENDA<Act No. 11037, Aug. 4, 2011>
Article 1 (Enforcement Date)
This Act shall enter into force six months after the date of its promulgation.
Articles 2 through 6 Omitted.
ADDENDA <Act No. 11257, Feb. 1, 2012>
Article 1 (Enforcement Date)
This Act shall enter into force one year after the date of its promulgation.
Articles 2 through 4 Omitted.
ADDENDA <Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013>
Article 1 (Enforcement Date)
| (1) | This Act shall enter into force on the date of its promulgation. |
Articles 2 through 7 Omitted.
ADDENDA <Act No. 11806, May 22, 2013>
Article 1 (Enforcement Date)
This Act shall enter into force on the date of its promulgation.
Article 2 (Applicability concerning Consultation on Legal Fiction of Authorization, Permission, etc.)
The amended provisions in Article 18 (2) through (4) shall apply where the approval for a business plan for development or change thereof is granted after this Act enters into force.
ADDENDA <Act No. 12738, Jun. 3, 2014>
Article 1 (Enforcement Date)
This Act shall enter into force one year after the date of its promulgation. (Proviso Omitted.)
Articles 2 and 3 Omitted.
ADDENDA <Act No. 12844, Nov. 19, 2014>
Article 1 (Enforcement Date)
This Act shall enter into force on the date of its promulgation: Provided, That the provisions amending Acts that were promulgated before this Act enters into force but have yet to enter into force, among the Acts amended pursuant to Article 6 of the Addenda, shall enter into force on the respective date the relevant Act enters into force. Articles 2 through 7 Omitted.
ADDENDA <Act No. 13797, Jan. 19, 2016>
Article 1 (Enforcement Date)
This Act shall enter into force one year after the date of its promulgation.
Articles 2 through 11 Omitted.
ADDENDA <Act No. 14480, Dec. 27, 2016>
Article 1 (Enforcement Date)
This Act shall enter into force on the date of its promulgation. (Proviso Omitted.)
Articles 2 through 7 Omitted.
ADDENDA <Act No. 14839, Jul. 26, 2017>
Article 1 (Enforcement Date)
This Act shall enter into force on the date of its promulgation: Provided, That the provisions amending Acts that were promulgated before this Act enters into force but have yet to enter into force, among the Acts amended pursuant to Article 5 of the Addenda, shall enter into force on the respective date the relevant Act enters into force. Articles 2 through 6 Omitted.
ADDENDA <Act No. 16902, Jan. 29, 2020>
Article 1 (Enforcement Date)
This Act shall enter into force six months after the date of its promulgation.
Articles 2 through 20 Omitted.
ADDENDUM <Act No. 17027, Feb. 18, 2020>
This Act shall enter into force on the date of its promulgation.
ADDENDA <Act No. 17171, Mar. 31, 2020>
Article 1 (Enforcement Date)
This Act shall enter into force one year after the date of its promulgation. (Proviso Omitted.)
Articles 2 through 7 Omitted.
ADDENDUM <Act No. 18058, Apr. 13, 2021>
This Act shall enter into force three months after the date of its promulgation.
ADDENDA <Act No. 18310, Jul. 20, 2021>
Article 1 (Enforcement Date)
This Act shall enter into force one year after the date of its promulgation.
Article 2 Omitted.
ADDENDA <Act No. 18522, Nov. 30, 2021>
Article 1 (Enforcement Date)
This Act shall enter into force one year after the date of its promulgation. (Proviso Omitted.)
Articles 2 through 15 Omitted.
ADDENDA <Act No. 19251, Mar. 21, 2023>
Article 1 (Enforcement Date)
This Act shall enter into force one year after the date of its promulgation.
Articles 2 through 9 Omitted.
ADDENDA <Act No. 19415, May 16, 2023>
Article 1 (Enforcement Date)
This Act shall enter into force on the date of its promulgation. (Proviso Omitted.)
Article 2 (General Applicability concerning Filing of Objection)
The amended provisions concerning filing an objection shall begin to apply to dispositions made after this Act enters into force.
Articles 3 through 9 Omitted.
ADDENDA <Act No. 19590, Aug. 8, 2023>
Article 1 (Enforcement Date)
This Act shall enter into force on May 17, 2024.
Articles 2 through 10 Omitted.
ADDENDA <Act No. 19690, Aug. 16, 2023>
Article 1 (Enforcement Date)
This Act shall enter into force six months after the date of its promulgation: Provided, That Article 3 (2) of the Addenda shall enter into force on March 22, 2024, and paragraph (1) of that Article shall enter into force on May 17, 2024. Article 2 (Transitional Measures concerning Administrative Fines)
Notwithstanding the amended provisions of Article 37 (1) 3 and 4, the previous provisions shall apply to the imposition of administrative fines on the violations committed before this Act enters into force. Article 3 Omitted.