CHAPTER I GENERAL PROVISIONS
The purpose of this Act is to prevent supply chain risks that occur or are likely to occur due to various domestic and foreign factors and to ensure an effective response in the event of disturbances in supply chains, thereby contributing to the security of the State, the maintenance of safety related to economic activities of the State and citizens, and the development of the national economy.
The terms used in this Act shall be defined as follows:
| 1. | The term "economic security" means a condition in which items, services, technology, etc. essential for the overall economic activities of the State and its citizens, such as domestic production, consumption, and distribution, are smoothly introduced and prevented from being inappropriately leaked overseas, regardless of changes in economic, trade, political, or diplomatic circumstances or natural disasters, etc. that have occurred or are likely to occur at home and abroad, thereby maintaining national security and causing no obstacles to the economic activities of the State and its citizens; |
| 2. | The term "supply chain" means all the systems and processes of acquiring commodities or raw materials (including resources; hereinafter the same shall apply) for the economic activities of the State and its citizens in Korea and abroad, converting them into intermediate or final products, and distributing them to consumers; |
| 3. | The term "supply chain stabilization" means all activities performed to secure the flexible restoration capacity of a supply chain, including the prevention of, preparation for, and response to threats that hinder the stable maintenance of supply chains; |
| 4. | The term "economic security item" means commodities designated pursuant to Article 13 as indispensable or essential for the stable operation of the national economy, which are highly dependent on imports from a specific country or region abroad, or raw materials, parts, facilities, equipment, devices, or software (hereinafter referred to as "raw materials, etc.") necessary for the production thereof, which are essential for the lives of citizens; |
| 5. | The term "economic security service" means any service or infrastructure designated pursuant to Article 13, which is likely to impede the smooth introduction, production, or distribution of economic security items under subparagraph 4, if there is or is likely to be an obstacle to the stable provision and operation thereof; |
| 6. | The term "supply chain risk" means the possibility that the stability of supply chains is likely to be damaged or is not recovered for a considerable period of time due to changes in domestic and foreign economic, trade, political, or diplomatic conditions, natural disasters, disruptions in logistics, etc.; |
| 7. | The term "supply chain crisis situation" means a situation in which the State urgently needs to deal with serious damage to the economic activities of the State and its citizens due to the failure of supply chains to operate normally; |
| 8. | The term "crisis item" means an item designated pursuant to Article 29, which requires management in case of a crisis, such as where there occurs or is likely to occur an instability in the supply and demand or prices due to a natural disaster or sudden changes in logistics and distribution conditions or where emergency measures are required to reduce significant impacts on the domestic economy or damage to the domestic economy. |
| Article 3 (Basic directions) |
Supply chain stabilization policies under this Act shall be based on the basic direction of recognizing that a smooth supply chain is the basis of stable economic activities of the State and its citizens, ensuring the smooth inflow, distribution, and provision of commodities, raw materials, services, etc. essential to the economic activities of the State and its citizens, and promoting national security and stable economic activities of the State and its citizens, thereby ensuring that measures related to the supply chain stabilization of the Government are harmoniously linked with economic activities of the State and its citizens.
| Article 4 (Responsibilities of State and local governments) |
| (1) | The State and local governments shall endeavor to protect the economic activities of citizens in all sectors, such as economy and society, through the supply chain stabilization. |
| (2) | The State and local governments shall comprehensively consider the impact, etc. on the supply chain stabilization in the process of formulating various plans and implementing policies. |
| Article 5 (Responsibilities of public institutions and business entities) |
A public institution under Article 4 of the Act on the Management of Public Institutions (hereinafter referred to as "public institution"), a person who has filed for registration of his or her business pursuant to Article 8(1) of the Value-Added Tax Act, Article 168(1) of the Income Tax Act, or Article 111(1) of the Corporate Tax Act (hereinafter referred to as "business entity"), and a trade association established pursuant to Article 32 of the Civil Act (hereinafter referred to as "trade association") shall actively cooperate with the State and local governments for policy measures to stabilize supply chains.
| Article 6 (Relationship to other statutes) |
| (1) | Except as otherwise provided in other statutes, this Act shall apply to economic security or supply chains. |
| (2) | When other statutes regarding supply chain stabilization are enacted or amended, they shall be in conformity with the purpose and basic direction of this Act. |
CHAPTER II ESTABLISHMENT OF MASTER PLANS FOR SUPPLY CHAIN STABILIZATION AND DESIGNATION OF ECONOMIC SECURITY ITEMS, ETC.
| Article 7 (Formulation and implementation of master plan) |
| (1) | The Government shall formulate and implement a master plan on supply chain stabilization for economic security (hereinafter referred to as "master plan") every 3 years in order to present basic directions for economic policies on supply chains to ensure stable economic activities of the State and its citizens and the smooth operation of supply chains from the viewpoint of economic security. |
| (2) | The Minister of Economy and Finance shall consult with the Director of the National Intelligence Service and the heads of central administrative agencies under Article 2 of the Government Organization Act (hereinafter referred to as "central administrative agencies") and finalize a master plan after deliberation by the Supply Chain Stabilization Committee under Article 10. <Amended on Oct. 1, 2025> |
| (3) | If the Minister of Economy and Finance intends to change important matters prescribed by Presidential Decree in the master plan, he or she shall consult with the Director of the National Intelligence Service and the heads of the relevant central administrative agencies and finalize it after deliberation by the Supply Chain Stabilization Committee established under Article 10. <Amended on Oct. 1, 2025> |
| (4) | A master plan shall include the following matters: |
| 1. | Basic direction of economic policies for economic security; |
| 2. | Fundamental matters regarding supply chain stabilization; |
| 3. | Mid- and long-term goals and directions for supply chain stabilization; |
| 4. | Policy measures regarding areas affecting the overall supply chain, such as logistics, distribution, and finance; |
| 5. | Trends such as international situations, international trade, and changes in the policies of foreign governments in relation to supply chains; |
| 6. | Matters regarding the designation and management of economic security items and economic security services (hereinafter referred to as "economic security items, etc.") under Article 13; |
| 7. | Trends in domestic and overseas supply of and demand for economic security items, etc.; |
| 8. | Matters regarding the operation and management of the early warning systems under Article 15; |
| 9. | Policy measures in case of a supply chain crisis; |
| 10. | Matters regarding support for supply chain stabilization, such as the establishment of a production base, including the expansion of investment in domestic and foreign production facilities, diversification of purchasers, stockpiling, and the introduction, improvement, and development of technology (including matters regarding financing and operation); |
| 11. | International cooperation on supply chain stabilization; |
| 12. | Other matters necessary for economic security and supply chain stabilization. |
| (5) | The Minister of Economy and Finance may request the heads of relevant central administrative agencies, the heads of local governments, and the heads of public institutions to submit relevant data in order to collect basic data necessary for formulating a master plan. Upon receipt of such request, the heads of institutions and organizations shall comply therewith, unless there is a compelling reason not to do so. <Amended on Oct. 1, 2025> |
| (6) | Upon finalizing a master plan in accordance with paragraph (2) or changing important matters in the master plan in accordance with paragraph (3), the Minister of Economy and Finance shall report it to the competent Standing Committee of the National Assembly without delay. <Amended on Oct. 1, 2025> |
| (7) | Matters necessary for the methods and procedures for establishing and changing a master plan under paragraphs 1 through 5 shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree. |
| Article 8 (Formulation and implementation of implementation plans) |
| (1) | The head of a relevant central administrative agency shall formulate and implement an implementation plan for supply chain stabilization (hereinafter referred to as "implementation plan") for the area under his or her jurisdiction every year in order to implement the master plan. In such cases, the head of the relevant central administrative agency shall submit an implementation plan to the Supply Chain Stabilization Committee under Article 10. |
| (2) | Matters necessary for formulating and implementing an implementation plan under paragraph (1) shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree. |
| Article 9 (Relationship to plans under other statutes or regulations) |
The master plan shall serve as the basis for a plan for supply chain stabilization formulated pursuant to other statutes or regulations.
| Article 10 (Supply Chain Stabilization Committee for economic security) |
| (1) | A Supply Chain Stabilization Committee (hereinafter referred to as the "Committee") shall be established under the jurisdiction of the Deputy Prime Minister and the Minister of Economy and Finance to deliberate on and coordinate the following matters regarding the supply chain stabilization for economic security: <Amended on Oct. 1, 2025> |
| 1. | Matters regarding supply chain stabilization policies for economic security; |
| 2. | Matters regarding the coordination of supply chain stabilization affairs; |
| 3. | Matters regarding the formulation of a master plan and changes in important matters; |
| 4. | Matters regarding the adjustment of the implementation plan; |
| 5. | Matters regarding the designation, etc. of economic security items, etc. under Article 13; |
| 6. | Matters regarding the disclosure, etc. of information under Article 18; |
| 7. | Matters regarding the designation, etc. of crisis items under Article 29; |
| 8. | Matters regarding the designation, etc. of commodities subject to emergency supply and demand control under Article 35; |
| 9. | Matters regarding basic policies, such as the management and operation of the supply chain stabilization fund under Article 38; |
| 10. | Matters subject to deliberation by Committee under this Act or other statutes; |
| 11. | Other matters related to the supply chain stabilization, which the chairperson deems necessary. |
| (2) | The Committee shall be comprised of up to 25 members, including 1 chairperson. |
| (3) | The Minister of Economy and Finance shall serve as the chairperson of the Committee, and the following persons shall serve as members of the Committee: <Amended on Oct. 1, 2025> |
| 1. | Persons prescribed by Presidential Decree, such as the heads of relevant central administrative agencies, etc.; |
| 2. | The Director of the National Intelligence Service; |
| 3. | Persons commissioned by the chairperson from among persons prescribed by Presidential Decree, such as persons with extensive knowledge of and experience in supply chain stabilization. |
| (4) | Notwithstanding paragraph (3), if the chairperson deems it necessary, he or she may have persons other than members attend a meeting. |
| (5) | The Committee may establish specialized sectoral committees which are composed of Committee members or external experts, etc. to review matters related to supply chain stabilization in a specialized manner. |
| (6) | The Committee shall exist for 5 years from the date this Act enters into force. |
| (7) | Except as provided in paragraphs (1) through (5), matters necessary for the organization, operation, etc. of the Committee and specialized sectoral committees shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree. |
| Article 11 (Survey on current status of supply chains) |
| (1) | If necessary for formulating or changing policies or plans on economic security items, etc., the Government may survey the current status of supply of and demand for and prices of commodities and raw materials, etc., trends in imports and exports, current inventory status, transaction relations between domestic and foreign business entities, logistics systems, logistics expenses, etc. |
| (2) | The Government may, following deliberation by the Committee, request the heads of local governments, business entities and trade organizations related to economic security items, etc., and leading business entities in supply chain stabilization selected pursuant to Article 19 to submit data necessary for the survey under paragraph (1) (hereinafter referred to as "survey on the current status of supply chains"), such as purchase volume, price, production volume, and inventory. |
| (3) | The Government may have a specialized institution prescribed by Presidential Decree conduct all or part of the survey on the current status of supply chains, if necessary to efficiently conduct the survey. |
| (4) | The Government may utilize the results of the survey on the current status of supply chains to formulate and evaluate policies for supply chain stabilization. |
| (5) | Matters necessary for methods and procedures for submitting data under paragraph (2) shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree. |
| Article 12 (Preparation of statistics related to supply chains) |
| (1) | The Government may prepare and manage statistics on economic security items, etc. for the efficient formulation of master plans and implementation plans. |
| (2) | The Statistics Act shall apply mutatis mutandis to the preparation of statistics under paragraph (1). |
| (3) | The scope, subject matters, etc. of statistics prepared under paragraph (1) shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree. |
| Article 13 (Designation, change, and revocation of economic security items, etc.) |
| (1) | The head of a central administrative agency may designate commodities, raw materials, etc., services, or infrastructure, which are essential for the lives of citizens or for the stable operation of the State and the national economy, as economic security items, etc. In such cases, the head of the central administrative agency shall hear opinions of interested parties, such as relevant business entities, etc., as prescribed by Presidential Decree. |
| (2) | The Minister of Economy and Finance may request the heads of relevant central administrative agencies to designate economic security items, etc. <Amended on Oct. 1, 2025> |
| (3) | Upon designating economic security items, etc. pursuant to paragraph (1) or receiving a request for designation pursuant to paragraph (2), the head of a central administrative agency shall determine whether to grant the designation by comprehensively taking into consideration the following matters; in such cases, he or she may request opinions from the Director of the National Intelligence Service in cases falling under subparagraphs 3 and 4: |
| 1. | The current status and outlook of external dependence; |
| 2. | The degree of dependence on, and prospects for, a specific country or region; |
| 3. | The ripple effect of supply chain risks on national and economic security; |
| 4. | The degree of supply chain risks resulting from policy changes of foreign governments or overseas suppliers; |
| 5. | The degree of supply chain risks resulting from natural disasters or climate change; |
| 6. | The possibility of stabilizing supply chains through the creation of domestic and overseas production bases, diversification of purchasers, stockpiling, and the introduction, improvement, and development of production technologies; |
| 7. | Matters deemed necessary for economic security, including opinions of interested parties, such as relevant business entities. |
| (4) | If the head of a central administrative agency deems it necessary to change or revoke the designation of economic security items, etc. in consideration of the matters referred to in the subparagraphs of paragraph (3), he or she may change or revoke such designation; provided, if designation is made at the request of the Minister of Economy and Finance in accordance with paragraph (2), he or she shall have a prior consultation with the Minister of Economy and Finance. <Amended on Oct. 1, 2025> |
| (5) | Upon designating, changing, or revoking economic security items, etc., the head of a central administrative agency shall report the details and reasons therefor to the Committee, and notify the Commissioner of the Korea Customs Service thereof to facilitate the management of economic security items, etc. |
| (6) | The economic security items, etc. designated pursuant to paragraphs (1) and (2) shall not be disclosed; provided, in cases if it is deemed that there is no risk of impeding the security of the State and the development of the national economy, they may be disclosed as prescribed by Presidential Decree. |
| (7) | Standards and procedures for the designation, change, and revocation of economic security items, etc. under paragraphs (1) through (6), classification according to importance, and other necessary matters shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree. |
| Article 14 (International cooperation) |
In order to promote international cooperation for supply chain stabilization, the Government shall formulate and implement policy measures regarding the following matters:
| 1. | Bilateral and multilateral cooperation with foreign governments on economy, trade, and resources; |
| 2. | International joint research and development for the development of alternative technologies, etc.; |
| 3. | Investigation and research on the trends, etc. of foreign governments and economic security items, etc.; |
| 4. | Exchange of human resources and information to monitor supply chain risks; |
| 5. | Holding international academic conferences, etc. to manage supply chain risks; |
| 6. | Other projects prescribed by Presidential Decree as deemed necessary to formulate and implement measures at the international level. |
CHAPTER III MONITORING SUPPLY CHAIN RISKS
| Article 15 (Operation of early warning systems) |
| (1) | The heads of relevant central administrative agencies and the Director of the National Intelligence Service may operate and manage early warning systems that monitor the domestic and foreign supply and demand trends, prices, changes in production volume, changes in policies of foreign governments or enterprises, possibility of failures in logistics, payment, or settlement, etc. with respect to commodities, raw materials, etc. falling under any of the following subparagraphs, in order to identify supply chain risks in advance and take preemptive measures: |
| 1. | Commodities, raw materials, etc., the dependence on a specific country or region of which is at least the level prescribed by Presidential Decree; |
| 2. | Commodities, raw materials, etc. deemed important for the economic activities of the State and its citizens; |
| 3. | Other commodities, raw materials, etc. deemed necessary by the Committee. |
| (2) | The Minister of Economy and Finance may prepare guidelines on the methods, procedures, etc. necessary for operating the early warning systems (hereinafter referred to as "guidelines") in consultation with the heads of relevant central administrative agencies and may provide support so that institutions that operate and manage the early warning systems in accordance with paragraph (1) (hereafter in this Article referred to as "operating and managing institution") can utilize such guidelines. <Amended on Oct. 1, 2025> |
| (3) | The Minister of Economy and Finance may revise or supplement the guidelines in consultation with the heads of the relevant central administrative agencies, taking into account international circumstances, domestic and overseas market environment, etc. <Amended on Oct. 1, 2025> |
| (4) | The head of a relevant central administrative agency or the head of a specialized institution entrusted with part of the business affairs of the relevant central administrative agency pursuant to Article 44 may request the head of a local government, a business entity or trade association related to items, etc. under his or her jurisdiction, and a leading business entity in supply chain stabilization selected pursuant to Article 19 to submit data prescribed by Presidential Decree, such as the purchase volume, price, production volume, and inventory of the relevant commodities, raw materials, etc. in order to perform the business affairs under paragraph (1). In such cases, matters necessary for the methods and procedures for submitting data shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree. |
| (5) | The head of an operating and managing institution shall submit the results of operation of the early warning system under his or her jurisdiction to the Committee, as prescribed by Presidential Decree, and the Committee shall share the results of operation with each operating and managing institution. In such cases, the timing, frequency, and method of sharing the results of operation, etc. shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree. |
| (6) | The Minister of Economy and Finance may have general supervision and control of, and monitor the actual status of operation and management of, the early warning systems and may consult with the heads of relevant central administrative agencies and the heads of public institutions, etc. on measures, such as correction and supplementation, if necessary. In such cases, the Minister of Economy and Finance may receive necessary support from the Commissioner of the Korea Customs Service. <Amended on Oct. 1, 2025> |
| (7) | The Minister of Economy and Finance may convene a meeting, etc. in accordance with Article 19(3) and (4) of the Government Organization Act to monitor the current status of the relevant items, etc. and discuss countermeasures, etc. for stabilization, as prescribed by Presidential Decree, if it is deemed that there are an items, etc. for which supply chain risks arise or are likely to arise according to the results of operating the early warning systems under paragraph (5) or if the head of a relevant central administrative agency makes a request, as prescribed by Presidential Decree. <Amended on Oct. 1, 2025> |
| Article 16 (Cooperation between countries in relation to operation results of early warning systems) |
| (1) | If deemed necessary for supply chain stabilization, the Government may provide the results of operating the early warning systems and statistics related to supply chains to other countries or consultative bodies between countries. |
| (2) | The scope of data to be provided under paragraph (1), persons subject to the provision of data, procedures therefor, etc. shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree. |
| Article 17 (Provision of information on customs duties) |
| (1) | The Minister of Economy and Finance, the Director of the National Intelligence Service, and the head of the relevant central administrative agency may request the Commissioner of the Korea Customs Service to provide taxation information under Article 116(1) of the Customs Act to the extent necessary for operating the early warning systems under Article 15 and responding to a supply chain crisis situation, etc. In such cases, the Commissioner of the Korea Customs Service shall promptly comply with such request, unless there is a compelling reason not to do so. <Amended on Oct. 1, 2025> |
| (2) | The scope of taxation information requested pursuant to paragraph (1), subject matters thereof, procedures for de-identifying information, etc. shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree. |
| Article 18 (Duty of the State to protect information) |
| (1) | The State, local governments, public institutions, and other institutions prescribed by Presidential Decree shall not disclose or divulge information related to economic security items, etc. and information they have learned in the course of operating the early warning systems; provided, if it is deemed unlikely to significantly affect national security and the development of the national economy, they may disclose such information after deliberation by the Committee. |
| (2) | The head of an agency in receipt of an application for disclosure of information on economic security items, etc. shall hear the opinions of interested parties in writing or by electronic document within 20 days from the date of receipt of the application. |
CHAPTER IV SUPPORT FOR STABILIZATION OF ECONOMIC SECURITY ITEMS, ETC.
| Article 19 (Selection of leading business entities in supply chain stabilization) |
| (1) | A business entity or a trade association that intends to contribute to facilitating the introduction, production, and provision of economic security items, etc. shall prepare a plan for the stable securing and provision of the relevant economic security items, etc. (hereinafter referred to as "stabilization plan") and submit it to the head of the competent central administrative agency. |
| (2) | If the head of the competent central administrative agency deems that the stabilization plan submitted is appropriate for the implementation of a master plan and an implementation plan for economic security items, etc. under his or her jurisdiction, he or she may select a business entity or trade association that has submitted the stabilization plan as a leading business entity in supply chain stabilization (hereinafter referred to as "stabilization leading business entity") and provide support under this Act. In such cases, the stabilization leading business entity shall comply with the stabilization plan and shall faithfully submit the data requested pursuant to Article 11(2),15(4), and 31(1). |
| (3) | The head of the competent central administrative agency may request the Fair Trade Commission to present his or her opinion on the possibility of collusion on the stabilization plan submitted by business entities or trade associations pursuant to paragraph (1), whether the economic power is concentrated, etc., and the Fair Trade Commission may present his or her opinion on the stabilization plan. |
| (4) | Upon selecting a stabilization leading business entity, the head of a central administrative agency shall immediately notify the Minister of Economy and Finance of the details and grounds therefor. The same shall also apply where the head of the central administrative agency revokes the selection of a stabilization leading business entity in accordance with Article 20. <Amended on Oct. 1, 2025> |
| (5) | The standards and period for selecting stabilization leading business entities, such as matters to be included in a stabilization plan, the relevance to economic security items, etc., the appropriateness of a stabilization plan, and financial conditions, and other matters necessary for the selection of stabilization leading business entities shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree. |
| Article 20 (Revocation of selection of leading business entities in supply chain stabilization) |
| (1) | Where a person selected as a stabilization leading business entity pursuant to Article 19 falls under any of the following cases, the head of the competent central administrative agency may revoke the selection of a stabilization leading business entity. In such cases, a business entity or trade association whose selection is revoked shall not be re-selected as a stabilization leading business entity for a period prescribed by Presidential Decree: |
| 1. | Where he or she is selected by fraud or other improper means; |
| 2. | Where he or she has significantly neglected his or her efforts in stabilization under the stabilization plan; |
| 3. | Where he or she fails to fulfill his or her obligation to submit data under Article 11(2),15(4), or 31(1); |
| 4. | Where he or she ceases to meet the requirements of a stabilization leading business entity; |
| 5. | Where revocation is inevitable because matters prescribed by other statutes are substantially violated, etc. |
| (2) | If the head of the competent central administrative agency revokes the selection pursuant to paragraph (1), he or she shall notify the relevant stabilization leading business entity of such revocation in advance and hear his or her opinions. |
| (3) | If a business entity or trade association whose selection is revoked pursuant to paragraph (1) has already been provided with subsidy under Article 19(2), the head of the competent central administrative agency may recover all or some of the subsidy. |
| (4) | The procedures for revocation of selection under paragraphs (2) and (3) and other necessary matters shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree. |
| Article 21 (Composition of consultative body of leading business entities in supply chain stabilization) |
The head of the relevant central administrative agency may recommend that a consultative body be organized among several stabilization leading business entities in order to establish an efficient cooperative system for supply chain stabilization, such as the exchange of information among stabilization leading business entities. In such cases, the consultative body shall maintain a cooperative system between the heads of the relevant central administrative agencies and leading stabilization business entities, such as the delivery of information.
| Article 22 (Support for diversification of supplying countries) |
The Government may formulate and implement policy measures to support the following projects in order to alleviate the dependence on specific foreign countries or regions for economic security items, etc. and to respond to supply chain risks resulting from to changes in circumstances overseas, as prescribed by Presidential Decree:
| 1. | Securing alternative supplying countries or regions for commodities or raw materials, etc. that has a high dependence on importation from specific foreign countries or regions; |
| 2. | Managing overseas suppliers of commodities, raw materials, etc. that has a high dependence on importation; |
| 3. | Reducing expenses incurred in distribution, etc. to diversity supplying countries; |
| 4. | Developing and improving technology to expand domestic production of commodities or raw materials that has a high dependence on importation from specific countries or regions, to produce alternative materials, etc., and to reduce consumption; |
| 5. | Establishing an economic cooperation system with foreign countries for supply chain stabilization, such as a prior notification of export restriction measures, stable supply and demand agreements, and joint technological development; |
| 6. | Other projects prescribed by Presidential Decree to alleviate dependence on a specific country or region for economic security items, etc. |
| Article 23 (Support for domestic and overseas production base) |
The Government may formulate and implement policy measures to support the following projects in order to expand domestic and overseas production base for economic security items, etc., as prescribed by Presidential Decree:
| 1. | New installation or expansion of domestic and overseas production facilities; |
| 2. | Equity investment in domestic and overseas manufacturers; |
| 3. | Acquisition of domestic and foreign manufacturers; |
| 4. | Reduction of overseas production facilities to expand domestic production facilities; |
| 5. | Joint production between domestic enterprises and between domestic and overseas enterprises; |
| 6. | Such other projects to expand domestic and overseas production base as prescribed by Presidential Decree. |
| Article 24 (Support for technological development) |
| (1) | The Government may formulate and implement comprehensive policy measures, such as supporting the following projects, for the introduction of production technology, the development and improvement of technology, the rationalization of use, the development of alternative materials, etc. for the stable securing and distribution of economic security items, etc., as prescribed by Presidential Decree: |
| 1. | Research and development projects; |
| 2. | Strategic survey and analysis of intellectual property rights, including domestic and overseas patents; |
| 3. | Joint research and development projects among companies, universities, research institutes, and relevant institutions and organizations; |
| 4. | Such other projects for the development of technology for supply chain stabilization as prescribed by Presidential Decree. |
| (2) | The Government may formulate and implement various policy measures, such as the supply of human resources, tax and financial support, preferential purchase, certification of new technologies and new products, etc., in order to support the development of technologies for stabilization leading business entities, etc., encourage the sharing and joint utilization of technologies among business entities, and promote the commercialization of technologies. |
| (3) | The Government shall actively support the outcomes of national technological development projects and private technological development, insofar as those outcomes are worthy of protection for economic security, so that the outcomes can be protected through the establishment, etc. of intellectual property rights. |
| Article 25 (Support for stockpiling and managing economic security items) |
| (1) | The Government may formulate and implement policy measures to support the following projects in order to sufficiently stockpile and manage economic security items in case any supply chain risk arises, as prescribed by Presidential Decree: |
| 1. | Expansion of domestic and overseas facilities for stockpiling (including investment in facilities); |
| 2. | Expansion of inventory or stockpiling of economic security items; |
| 3. | Development of technology to increase efficiency in stockpiling; |
| 4. | Other projects prescribed by Presidential Decree to expand domestic and overseas stockpiling. |
| (2) | If necessary to efficiently manage and operate stockpiling projects, the Government may recommend additional stockpiling to stabilization leading business entities, etc. or may formulate and implement a stockpiling plan in cooperation with stabilization leading business entities. |
| (3) | In recommending stockpiling or in joint stockpiling pursuant to paragraph (2), the Government may provide necessary support with respect to commodities stockpiled by a stabilization leading business entity, etc. |
| (4) | The Government may formulate and implement policy measures necessary to efficiently operate a stockpile site by reflecting the international trade environment and predictions therefor. |
| Article 26 (Support for stable provision of economic security services) |
The Government may formulate and implement policy measures to support the following projects to ensure the stable provision of economic security services, as prescribed by Presidential Decree:
| 1. | Expansion of, or investment in, core facilities related to providing services; |
| 2. | Investment and technology development to improve efficiency of facilities; |
| 3. | Expansion of, or investment in, facilities to expand capacity to provide services; |
| 4. | Other projects prescribed by Presidential Decree for the stable provision of economic security services. |
| Article 27 (Special cases concerning support for economic security items, etc.) |
| (1) | If a stabilization leading business entity intends to implement a project under Article 22 through 26, the Government may provide financial support and may reduce or exempt taxes, as prescribed by relevant statutes. |
| (2) | The Government may have the Credit Guarantee Fund under the Korea Credit Guarantee Fund Act, the Korea Technology Guarantee Fund under the Korea Technology Guarantee Fund Act, the Korea Development Bank under the Korea Development Bank Act, and the Export-Import Bank of Korea under the Export-Import Bank of Korea Act establish and operate guarantee and insurance or financial support systems so that stabilization leading business entities can smoothly procure funds for the implementation of projects under Article 22 through 26. |
| (3) | Pursuant to Article 22, the Government may provide necessary information, such as domestic and international situations, etc., to stabilization leading business entities who intend to lower or have lowered their dependence on a specific country or region for economic security items, etc., and may provide support for the smooth implementation of a stabilization plan, and may assist them in cooperating with each other if there are multiple stabilization leading business entities. |
| (4) | The Minister of Science and ICT or the Minister of Planning and Budget shall endeavor to promptly conduct a preliminary feasibility survey under Article 38(1) of the National Finance Act in any of the following cases: <Amended on Oct. 1, 2025> |
| 1. | Where the urgency, necessity, etc. of expanding facilities or equipment related to economic security items, etc. is recognized for supply chain stabilization under Article 23 or 26; |
| 2. | Where it is deemed that a detailed project plan has been formulated, such as the purpose, scale, and implementation plan of the project, as a project of a stabilization leading business entity to stabilize supply chains, such as the development of alternative technology and the establishment of facilities under Article 24; |
| 3. | Where the urgency, necessity, etc. of establishing, expanding, or modernizing a stockpile site are recognized for the purpose of supply chain stabilization pursuant to Article 25. |
CHAPTER V SUPPLY CHAIN CRISIS AND RESPONSE THERETO
| Article 28 (Preparation and operation of crisis response manual) |
| (1) | For the purpose of supply chain stabilization, the Minister of Economy and Finance shall prepare a draft standard manual necessary for responding to crisis and notify the heads of the relevant central administrative agencies thereof, as prescribed by Presidential Decree. <Amended on Oct. 1, 2025> |
| (2) | The heads of relevant central administrative agencies shall prepare and operate crisis response manuals in the areas under their jurisdiction in order to stably manage economic security items, etc. under their jurisdiction in case of a supply chain crisis situation in accordance with the master plan; provided, if crisis response manuals in the areas under their jurisdiction are prepared in accordance with other statutes and regulations, they may be deemed crisis response manuals under this Act. |
| (3) | If the head of a relevant central administrative agency prepares or changes a crisis response manual in the area under his or her jurisdiction, he or she shall submit it to the Committee. |
| (4) | The heads of relevant central administrative agencies shall regularly inspect crisis response manuals in the areas under their jurisdiction. |
| (5) | The Minister of Economy and Finance shall regularly oversee and check the actual status of preparation and operation of crisis response manuals and may, if necessary, recommend the heads of the relevant central administrative agencies that prepare and operate such manuals to take measures necessary to correct or supplement such manuals. <Amended on Oct. 1, 2025> |
| (6) | Matters necessary for the preparation and operation of crisis response manuals under paragraphs (1) through (5) shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree. |
| Article 29 (Designation of crisis items and revocation thereof) |
| (1) | If any of the following grounds arises with respect to items or services that pose a supply chain risk, including economic security items, etc., the Minister of Economy and Finance or the head of a relevant central administrative agency may designate items requiring management to respond to crisis, subject to deliberation by the Committee: <Amended on Oct. 1, 2025> |
| 1. | Where there is or is likely to be instability in supply and demand or prices due to a natural disaster or a sudden change in import or export or in logistics and distribution conditions; |
| 2. | Where urgent measures are required to reduce significant impacts on or damage to the domestic economy; |
| 3. | Other cases where the Minister of Economy and Finance makes a request. |
| (2) | If the grounds for designating a crisis item cease to exist, the Minister of Economy and Finance or the head of a relevant central administrative agency shall immediately revoke the designation of the crisis item, subject to deliberation by the Committee. <Amended on Oct. 1, 2025> |
| Article 30 (Emergency supply and demand adjustment measures) |
| (1) | If a crisis item is designated pursuant to Article 29(1), the Government may take emergency supply and demand adjustment measures pursuant to Article 6 of the Price Stabilization Act. |
| (2) | When the Government deems that the grounds for taking such measures cease to exist after taking measures under paragraph (1), the Government shall cancel such measures without delay. |
| (3) | If the Government intends to take measures under paragraph (1), it shall obtain approval from the President after deliberation by the State Council. The same shall also apply to the cancellation under paragraph (2). |
| Article 31 (Request for submission of relevant data) |
| (1) | If necessary to designate a crisis item under Article 29(1) or to take emergency supply and demand adjustment measures under Article 30(1), the Government may request the head of a local government, a business entity, a trade association, a stabilization leading business entity, etc. to submit data, such as the purchase volume, price, production, inventory, etc. related to emergency supply and demand adjustment measures, or to state his or her opinions, or to have consultations. In such cases, a person in receipt of a request to submit data, state his or her opinions, or have consultations, etc. shall comply therewith, unless there is a compelling reason not to do so. |
| (2) | Matters necessary for methods and procedures for submitting data under paragraph (1) shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree. |
| Article 32 (Crisis countermeasure headquarters) |
| (1) | If a crisis item is designated under Article 29(1), the head of the relevant central administrative agency shall promptly establish and operate a crisis countermeasure headquarters (hereinafter referred to as "countermeasure headquarters") in order to perform matters necessary for resolving a crisis, such as emergency supply and demand adjustment measures under Article 30. |
| (2) | The head of a countermeasures headquarters under paragraph (1) (hereinafter referred to as "head of a countermeasures headquarters") shall be the head of a relevant central administrative agency. |
| (3) | Notwithstanding paragraphs (1) and (2), if it is necessary to take a pan-governmental countermeasure as a crisis situation is related to various central administrative agencies, the Minister of Economy and Finance shall serve as the head of the countermeasure headquarters. <Amended on Oct. 1, 2025> |
| (4) | If necessary to resolve a crisis, the head of the countermeasure headquarters may request the head of a relevant central administrative agency to take administrative and financial measures, dispatch employees under his or her jurisdiction, and provide other necessary support. Upon receipt of such request, the head of the relevant central administrative agency shall comply therewith, unless there is a compelling reason not to do so. |
| (5) | The head of the countermeasure headquarters may request the head of a local government to provide support to the extent necessary for resolving a crisis. Upon receipt of such request, the head of the local government shall comply therewith, unless there is a compelling reason not to do so. |
| (6) | Matters necessary for the composition and operation of the countermeasure headquarters, delegation of authority of the head of the countermeasure headquarters, etc. shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree. |
| Article 33 (Prohibition of cornering and hoarding) |
No manufacturer, importer, or seller of crisis items shall engage in an act of cornering or hoarding goods or evading sale thereof, which is likely to undermine the price stability of crisis items, in anticipation of undue profits.
| Article 34 (Support for customs duties) |
The Minister of Economy and Finance may provide necessary support under the Customs Act to stabilize the supply of and demand for, and import prices of, crisis items designated in accordance with Article 29(1). <Amended on Oct. 1, 2025>
| Article 35 (Emergency procurement) |
| (1) | The head of the relevant central administrative agency may designate a crisis item designated pursuant to Article 29(1) as a commodity subject to emergency supply and demand control after deliberation by the Committee, and may directly purchase the designated commodity subject to emergency supply and demand control, if necessary, notwithstanding the main clause of Article 11(1) of the Government Procurement Act. |
| (2) | Notwithstanding the main clause of Article 7(1) of the Act on Contracts to Which the State Is a Party, the head of a relevant central administrative agency may conclude a negotiated contract, as prescribed by Presidential Decree, in cases of commodities subject to emergency supply and demand control purchased directly pursuant to paragraph (1). |
| (3) | The Minister of Economy and Finance may provide financial support for commodities subject to emergency supply and demand control purchased by the heads of the relevant central administrative agencies in accordance with paragraph (1) for the following matters: <Amended on Oct. 1, 2025> |
| 1. | Payment of prices for commodities subject to emergency supply and demand control; |
| 2. | Compensation for losses related to purchasing commodities subject to emergency supply and demand control; |
| 3. | Other matters deemed necessary by the Minister of Economy and Finance. |
| Article 36 (Support for importers of crisis items) |
| (1) | The Government may provide the following support to importers, producers, or service providers of crisis items: |
| 1. | Subsidization of whole or part of difference between the import prices and the sale prices of crisis items; |
| 2. | Loans or arrangement of loans for funds for purchasing or producing crisis items; |
| 3. | Other matters prescribed by Presidential Decree which the Government deems necessary to stabilize the supply of and demand for, and prices of, crisis items. |
| (2) | Details regarding the standards, methods, procedures, scale, etc. of support under paragraph (1) shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree. |
| Article 37 (Subsidization of losses) |
| (1) | The Government may subsidize losses incurred by emergency supply and demand adjustment measures under Article 30. |
| (2) | With respect to the subsidization for losses under paragraph (1), the person who intends to receive subsidies and the head of the central administrative agency who takes such measures shall consult with each other. |
| (3) | In calculating the amount of subsidies under paragraph (1), if a person who suffers a loss has caused or expanded such loss by violating his or her duty to take measures under this Act or relevant statutes or regulations, subsidies paid to him or her may not be paid or may be reduced. |
| (4) | Matters necessary for the eligibility and scope of subsidies under paragraph (1), the calculation of the amount of subsidies, the standards for exclusion from payment and reduction under paragraph (3), etc. shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree. |
CHAPTER VI SUPPLY CHAIN STABILIZATION FUND
| Article 38 (Establishment of supply chain stabilization fund) |
| (1) | The supply chain stabilization fund (hereinafter referred to as the "Fund") shall be established in the Export-Import Bank of Korea in order to systematically support core projects for supply chain stabilization to minimize damage to Korean enterprises from supply chain risks and to contribute to the sound development of the national economy and economic security. |
| (2) | The Fund shall support the following areas: |
| 1. | Securing, introducing, and supplying economic security items, etc.; |
| 2. | Investment in and operation of domestic and overseas facilities for supply chain stabilization; |
| 3. | Introduction, development, improvement, and commercialization of technology for supply chain stabilization; |
| 4. | Emergency assistance to enterprises affected by a supply chain shock; |
| 5. | Other areas necessary for supply chain stabilization and recognized by the deliberative committee on the operation of the supply chain stabilization fund established under Article 43. |
| Article 39 (Financial resources of the fund) |
| (1) | The Fund shall be created with the following financial resources: |
| 1. | Funds raised by issuing bonds for the supply chain stabilization fund under paragraph (2); |
| 2. | Borrowings from the Government, the Bank of Korea, etc.; |
| 3. | Funds collected from business, etc. supported under Article 41(2)1 and funds collected from companies, etc. under Article 41(2)2; |
| 4. | Proceeds from operating the Fund and other revenues. |
| (2) | The Export-Import Bank of Korea may issue bonds for the supply chain stabilization fund (hereinafter referred to as "bonds") at the expense of the Fund in order to raise funds necessary for financial assistance (referring to assistance to be used for those subject to financial assistance and purposes prescribed in Article 41; hereinafter the same shall apply). In such cases, the following matters shall apply to the bonds: |
| 1. | Matters necessary for the issuance of bonds shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree; |
| 2. | Bonds shall be deemed special purpose bonds under Article 4(3) of the Financial Investment Services and Capital Markets Act. |
| (3) | The Government may guarantee the repayment of the principal and interest of bonds. In such cases, it shall obtain prior consent from the National Assembly pursuant to Article 92 of the National Finance Act. |
| (4) | If the Export-Import Bank of Korea borrows funds from the Bank of Korea at the expense of the Fund under paragraph (1)2, it shall be deemed to have been designated as a government agency under Article 77(2) of the Bank of Korea Act. |
| Article 40 (Management, operation, and accounting of fund) |
| (1) | The Fund shall be managed and operated by the Export-Import Bank of Korea. |
| (2) | The Minister of Economy and Finance shall supervise the business affairs regarding the management and operation of the Export-Import Bank of Korea and may issue orders necessary therefor. <Amended on Oct. 1, 2025> |
| (3) | The Export-Import Bank of Korea shall keep the accounts of the Fund separately from other accounts. |
| (4) | Except as provided in paragraphs (1) through (3), matters necessary for the management, operation, and accounting of the Fund shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree. |
| Article 41 (Persons eligible for subsidization from fund and purposes of use of fund) |
| (1) | In order to support the areas referred to in Article 38(2), the Fund shall provide funds necessary for the following projects: |
| 1. | Projects implemented by stabilization leading business entities under stabilization plans; |
| 2. | Projects deemed necessary by the head of the relevant central administrative agency to be supported by the head of the relevant central administrative agency; |
| 3. | Projects deemed to be requiring support by the deliberative committee on the operation of the supply chain stabilization fund under Article 43; |
| 4. | Such other projects for supply chain stabilization as prescribed by Presidential Decree. |
| (2) | The Fund shall be used for the following purposes: |
| 1. | Funds provided for the purpose of supply chain stabilization by the following methods and expenses incidental thereto: |
| c. | Guarantee or acceptance of obligations; |
| d. | Extension of credit by means other than those referred to in items a and c; |
| e. | Guarantee or underwriting of bonds; |
| f. | Investment (including underwriting of stock-related corporate bonds, such as convertible bonds, bonds with warrants, etc.); |
| g. | Support by methods provided in items a through f by companies, etc. referred to in subparagraph 2; |
| 2. | Funds and incidental expenses incurred in contributing to or investing in a company established for financial assistance (including a company established to manage, operate, and dispose of assets, etc. acquired through financial assistance) and a collective investment scheme under Article 9(18) of the Financial Investment Services and Capital Markets Act (hereinafter referred to as "company, etc.") or by means provided in subparagraph 1a through e of subparagraph 1; |
| 3. | Repayment of borrowed money and interest thereon; |
| 4. | Redemption of principal and interest of bonds; |
| 5. | Operating expenses of the Fund. |
| (3) | The Export-Import Bank of Korea may manage the surplus funds of the Fund by the following methods; in such cases, Article 84 of the National Finance Act shall apply mutatis mutandis: |
| 1. | Purchase of government bonds or public bonds; |
| 2. | Deposit in or loan to financial institutions; |
| 3. | Other methods determined by the deliberative committee on the operation of the supply chain stabilization fund established under Article 43. |
| (4) | When the Export-Import Bank of Korea, companies, etc. dispose of stocks of an enterprise eligible for support from their holdings acquired through financial assistance under paragraph (2)1, if the disposal is not through the securities market, they shall provide shareholders or equity holders of the relevant enterprise with the opportunity of first refusal. |
| Article 42 (Procedures and requirements for financial assistance) |
| (1) | If the Export-Import Bank of Korea intends to provide financial assistance at the expense of the Fund, it shall undergo deliberation by the deliberative committee on the operation of the supply chain stabilization fund established under Article 43; provided, if the deliberative committee on the operation of the supply chain stabilization fund separately determines it in consideration of the scale of support, etc., the Export-Import Bank of Korea need not undergo such deliberation, and in such cases, it shall report it to the deliberative committee on the operation of the supply chain stabilization fund without delay and obtain ratification thereof. |
| (2) | If the Export-Import Bank of Korea provides financial assistance to business entities, etc. (including affiliated companies) at the expense of the Fund, the Export-Import Bank of Korea may do so on the condition that the relevant funds shall not be used for other purposes, such as dividends (including dividends by stocks or dividends in kind), acquisition of treasury stocks, and increase of remuneration (including contingent remuneration) for executive officers and employees exceeding a certain income level (including contingent remuneration), than the purpose of financial assistance under Article 38(2). |
| (3) | Other matters necessary for the procedures and requirements for financial assistance shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree. |
| Article 43 (Establishment of deliberative committee on operation of supply chain stabilization fund) |
| (1) | In order to deliberate on the following matters regarding the Fund, the Export-Import Bank of Korea shall have the deliberative committee on the operation of the supply chain stabilization fund (hereinafter referred to as the "Fund Operation Deliberative Committee") to deliberate on the following matters: |
| 1. | Detailed directions for managing and operating the Fund |
| 2. | Fund operational plans; |
| 3. | Matters regarding financial assistance under Article 42; |
| 4. | Matters subject to reporting on settlement of accounts; |
| 5. | Other matters deemed necessary by the Fund Operation Deliberative Committee. |
| (2) | The Fund Operation Deliberative Committee shall be comprised of up to 7 members (including 2 persons recommended by the competent standing committee of the National Assembly) with extensive experience or knowledge in finance, economy, or industry. |
| (3) | Other matters necessary for the composition and operation of the Fund Operation Deliberative Committee shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree. |
CHAPTER VII SUPPLEMENTARY PROVISIONS
| Article 44 (Delegation and entrustment of authority and business affairs) |
| (1) | Part of the authority of the head of a central administrative agency under this Act may be delegated to the head of an agency under his or her jurisdiction or entrusted to the head of another administrative agency, as prescribed by Presidential Decree. |
| (2) | Part of the business affairs of the head of a central administrative agency under this Act may be entrusted to a relevant specialized institution, as prescribed by Presidential Decree. |
| Article 45 (Special cases concerning measures under other statutes or regulations) |
If the head of a relevant central administrative agency implements measures equivalent to those prescribed in Chapter V, such as emergency measures and the formation of an organization related to crisis response, in accordance with other statutes or regulations, he or she shall submit them to the Committee, as prescribed by Presidential Decree.
| Article 46 (Non-disclosure of data) |
| (1) | The Government, public institutions, and other institutions prescribed by Presidential Decree shall not disclose any data submitted pursuant to Article 11(2),15(4), and 31(1) if such disclosure of data is likely to undermine the national security or development of the national economy or if non-disclosure is necessary to protect business activities of enterprises, such as trade secrets. |
| (2) | No person shall engage in any of the following acts with respect to the data and information acquired pursuant to Article 11(2),15(4), and 31(1): |
| 1. | Acquiring, using, or disclosing (including informing a specific person of confidential information while maintaining confidentiality; hereinafter the same shall apply) them by improper means; |
| 2. | Leaking data or information, using or disclosing the leaked data or information, or allowing a third party to use such data or information for the purpose of obtaining improper benefits or inflicting damage on the relevant enterprise or the target institution; |
| 3. | Acquiring, using, or disclosing data or information with knowledge of the fact that an act falling under subparagraph 1 or 2 has been involved; |
| 4. | Acquiring, using or disclosing the relevant data or information without knowing, by gross negligence, the fact that an act falling under subparagraph 1 or 2 has been involved; |
| 5. | Any person who is provided with data or information through a legitimate channel prescribed by Presidential Decree, such as related litigation, uses or discloses such data or information for any purpose other than the purpose for which he or she is provided with such data or information. |
| Article 47 (Duty of confidentiality) |
No person who falls under or has fallen under any of the following subparagraphs shall disclose or divulge any secret learned in the course of performing his or her duties, or use it for any purpose other than the purpose of the enforcement of this Act:
| 1. | A person who is or was a public official of an administrative agency related to supply chain stabilization; |
| 2. | A person who is or was an executive officer or employee of an institution or organization delegated or entrusted with the authority or business affairs pursuant to Article 44; |
| 3. | A person who becomes aware of information on supply chain stabilization in the course of performing business affairs prescribed by Presidential Decree, such as a request for information disclosure under Article 5 of the Official Information Disclosure Act. |
| Article 48 (Legal fiction as public officials for purposes of applying penalty provisions) |
The provisions of Articles 127 and 129 through 132 of the Criminal Act shall be deemed a public official for the purposes of applying Articles 127 and 129 through 132 of the Criminal Act to any of the following persons:
| 1. | A person who is not a public official from among the members of the Committee; |
| 2. | No person, other than public officials, from among members of each specialized sectoral committee under Article 10(5); |
| 3. | A person who is not a public official from among the members of the Fund Operation Deliberative Committee; |
| 4. | An executive officer or employee of a related specialized institution engaged in the business affairs entrusted pursuant to Article 44(2). |
ADDENDA <Act No. 19828, Dec. 26, 2023>
Article 1 (Enforcement date)
This Act shall enter into force 6 months after the date of its promulgation.
Article 2 (Period of creation of fund)
The Fund under Article 38 may be created for 5 years from the date this Act enters into force.
ADDENDA <Act No. 21065, Oct. 1, 2025>
Article 1 (Enforcement date)
This Act shall enter into force on the date of its promulgation; provided, the amendments to statutes, which are amended under Article 7 of the Addenda and were promulgated before the enforcement of this Act but whose enforcement dates have not yet arrived, shall enter into force on the respective enforcement dates of such statutes, and the amended provisions under the following subparagraphs shall enter into force on the dates specified in the relevant subparagraph:
| 1. | The amended provisions under the following items shall enter into force on January 2, 2026; provided, among the statutes amended under Article 7 of the Addenda (limited to the parts related to the amended provisions of items a and b), the amendments to statutes that were promulgated before the enforcement date prescribed in the main clause but whose enforcement dates have not yet arrived shall enter into force on the respective enforcement dates of such statutes: |
| a. | Amended provisions of Articles 19(4), 23, 29(1)a, and 30; |
| b. | Amended provisions of Articles 12(2), 19(3), 22, and 29(2) (limited to the parts relating to the Minister of Finance and Economy and the Ministry of Finance and Economy); |
| c. | Statutes amended under Article 7 of the Addenda (limited to the parts related to the amended provisions of items a and b); |
Articles 2 through 6 Omitted.
Article 7 Omitted.
Article 8 Omitted.