FRAMEWORK ACT ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND THE CREATION OF A FOUNDATION FOR TRUST
Amended by Act No. 21311, Jan. 20, 2026
Act No. 20676, Jan. 21, 2025
Amended by Act No. 21311, Jan. 20, 2026
CHAPTER I GENERAL PROVISIONS
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| Article 1 (Purpose) |
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The purpose of this Act is to prescribe the basic matters necessary for the sound development of artificial intelligence and the creation of a foundation for trust in artificial intelligence, thereby contributing to the protection of citizens’ rights, interests, and dignity, the improvement of their quality of life, and the strengthening of national competitiveness.
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| Article 2 (Definitions) |
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The terms used in this Act are defined as follows: <Amended on Jan. 20, 2026>
| 1. | "Artificial intelligence" (AI) means the electronic implementation of human intellectual abilities, including learning, reasoning, perception, judgment, and language comprehension; |
| 2. | "AI system" means an AI-based system that infers outputs such as predictions, recommendations, and decisions that affect real and virtual environments for a given goal with various levels of autonomy and adaptability; |
| 3. | "AI technology" means hardware and software technologies, or their application technologies, necessary to implement AI; |
| 4. | "High-impact AI" means an AI system that is likely to have a significant impact on or pose a risk to human life, physical safety, and fundamental rights, and that is utilized in any of the following areas: |
| c. | Establishment and operation of a system for providing and using health and medical services under subparagraph 1 of Article 3 of the Framework Act on Health and Medical Care; |
| f. | Analysis and utilization of biometric information (referring to personal information on physical, physiological, and behavioral characteristics by which an individual can be identified, such as facial, fingerprint, iris, and palm vein patterns) for criminal investigation or arrests; |
| g. | Judgments or evaluations that have a significant impact on the rights and obligations of individuals, such as hiring and loan screening; |
| i. | Decision-making by the State, a local government, a public institution under Article 4 of the Act on the Management of Public Institutions, or other such entity (hereinafter referred to as "State agency or other public entity") that affects citizens, such as through the verification and determination of qualifications required for the provision of public services or the collection of expenses; |
| k. | Other areas prescribed by Presidential Decree, which have a significant impact on the protection of human life, physical safety, and fundamental rights; |
| 6. | "AI industry" means an industry that develops, manufactures, produces, or distributes products utilizing AI or AI technology (hereinafter referred to as "AI products") or provides services related thereto (hereinafter referred to as "AI services"); |
| 7. | "AI business operator" means any of the following corporations, organizations, individuals, State agencies and other public entities that is engaged in business related to the AI industry: |
| a. | AI development business operator: A person that develops and provides AI; |
| b. | AI use business operator: A person that provides AI products or AI services using AI provided by a business operator under item a; |
| 8. | "User" means a person that is provided with an AI product or AI service; |
| 9. | "Impacted person" means a person whose life, physical safety, and fundamental rights are significantly impacted by AI products or AI services; |
| 10. | "AI society" means a society that creates value and drives development in all fields, including industry, the economy, society, culture, and public administration, through AI; |
| 11. | "AI ethics" means the ethical standards that all members of society should observe in all areas, including the development, provision, and use of AI, in order to realize a safe and trustworthy AI society capable of protecting citizens’ rights, interests, lives, and property based on respect for human dignity; |
| 12. | "Training data" means data used for AI development, utilization, and other related purposes. |
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| Article 3 (Basic principles and the State's responsibilities) |
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| (1) | AI technology and the AI industry shall be developed in a manner that enhances safety and trustworthiness, thereby improving the quality of life of the people. |
| (2) | An impacted person shall be entitled to be provided with a clear and meaningful explanation of the main criteria, principles, etc. utilized in deriving the final results of AI, to the extent technically and reasonably possible. |
| (3) | The State and local governments shall respect the creative spirit of AI business operators and endeavor to create a safe environment for the use of AI. |
| (4) | The State and local governments shall devise policy measures to ensure that all citizens can stably adapt to the changes brought about by AI in all areas, including society, the economy, and culture, as well as in the daily lives of the people. |
| (5) | The State and local governments shall endeavor to ensure the participation of, and to reflect the opinions of, vulnerable groups prescribed by Presidential Decree who experience difficulties in using AI products or AI services, including persons with disabilities and the senior citizens (hereinafter referred to as "AI-vulnerable groups"), in the process of developing and establishing AI-related policies. <Add on Jan. 20, 2026> |
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| Article 4 (Scope of application) |
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| (1) | This Act shall apply to any conduct outside the Republic of Korea if the conduct impacts the domestic market or users. |
| (2) | This Act shall not apply to AI prescribed by Presidential Decree that is developed and used solely for the purpose of national defense or national security. |
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| Article 5 (Relationship to other statutes) |
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| (1) | Except as otherwise expressly provided in other statutes, this Act shall apply to AI, AI technology, the AI industry, and AI society (hereinafter referred to as "AI and related matters"). |
| (2) | The enactment or amendment of other statutes regarding AI and related matters shall be made in conformity with the purpose of this Act. |
CHAPTER II SYSTEM FOR PROMOTING SOUND DEVELOPMENT OF AI AND CREATION OF FOUNDATION FOR TRUST
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| Article 6 (Formulation of AI master plans) |
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| (1) | The Minister of Science and ICT shall formulate, modify, and implement an AI master plan (hereinafter referred to as "master plan"), subject to deliberation and resolution by the Presidential Council on National Artificial Intelligence Strategy under Article 7, for the promotion of AI technology and the AI industry and the enhancement of national competitiveness every 3 years after hearing the opinions of the heads of relevant central administrative agencies and the heads of local governments; provided, the foregoing shall not apply to modifications concern minor matters prescribed by Presidential Decree in the master plan. <Amended on Jan. 20, 2026> |
| (2) | The master plan shall include the following: <Amended on Jan. 20, 2026> |
| 1. | Matters regarding the basic direction and strategies for policies on AI and related matters; |
| 2. | Matters regarding the training of professionals for the systematic fostering of the AI industry, the establishment of a foundation for promoting the development and utilization of AI, and other related matters; |
| 3. | Matters regarding statutes, systems, and culture for the realization of a sound AI society, such as the dissemination of AI ethics; |
| 4. | Matters regarding the securing of financial resources, the direction of investment, etc. for the development of AI technology and the promotion of the AI industry; |
| 5. | Matters regarding the creation of a foundation for trust, including ensuring fairness, transparency, accountability, safety, and accessibility of AI; |
| 6. | Matters regarding the direction of development of AI technology, and changes and responses in various areas of society, such as education, labor, economy, and culture; |
| 6-2. | Matters regarding support for education and public awareness campaigns for understanding and utilizing AI technology; |
| 7. | Matters to ensure access to and use of AI products or AI services by AI-vulnerable groups; |
| 8. | Other matters deemed necessary by the Minister of Science and ICT to strengthen national competitiveness, including promotion of AI technology and the AI industry and international cooperation. |
| (4) | The Minister of Science and ICT may request the heads of relevant central administrative agencies, heads of local governments, and heads of public institutions (referring to public institutions under subparagraph 16 of Article 2 of the Framework Act on Intelligent Informatization (hereinafter referred to as "public institutions"; hereinafter the same shall apply) to submit data necessary for the formulation of a master plan. In this case, the head of the agency, local government, or public institution requested to submit data shall comply with the request unless there is a compelling reason not to do so. |
| (6) | The heads of central administrative agencies and the heads of local governments shall take the master plan into consideration when establishing and executing policies under their jurisdictions. |
| (7) | Other matters necessary for the formulation, modification, and implementation of master plans shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree. |
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| Article 7 (Presidential Council on National Artificial Intelligence Strategy) |
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| (1) | A Presidential Council on National Artificial Intelligence Strategy (hereinafter referred to as the "Council") shall be established under the President to deliberate and resolve on matters related to major policies, etc. for the development of AI and the creation of a foundation for trust. <Amended on Jan. 20, 2026> |
| (2) | The Council shall consist of up to 60 members, including 1 chair and up to 3 vice chairs. In this case, the members under paragraph (4)4 shall constitute a majority of all the members, and the Council shall not be composed exclusively of members of a single gender. <Amended on Jan. 20, 2026> |
| (3) | The President shall be the chair of the Council, and the vice chairs shall be persons designated by the President from among those under paragraph (4)1 or 4. <Amended on Jan. 20, 2026> |
| (4) | Members of the Council shall be the following persons: |
| 1. | Heads of relevant central administrative agencies prescribed by Presidential Decree; |
| 2. | Deputy director of the National Security Office who is responsible for AI affairs; |
| 3. | Senior secretary of the Office of President responsible for AI affairs; |
| 4. | Persons with extensive expertise and experience in AI who are commissioned by the President. |
| (5) | The chair of the Council shall represent the Council and have general supervision and control of the affairs of the Council. |
| (6) | The chair of the Council may have the vice chairs of the Council perform the duties on behalf of the chair, if necessary. |
| (7) | The term of office for members under paragraph (4)4 shall be 2 years, and members may be appointed consecutively for only 1 further term. |
| (8) | The Council shall have 1 executive secretary, who shall be a member under paragraph (4)3. |
| (9) | A member of the Council shall not disclose secrets obtained in the course of performing the duties to others or use them for purposes other than those of the duties; provided, this shall not apply if there are special provisions in other statutes. |
| (10) | The chair of the Council shall convene and preside over meetings of the Council. |
| (11) | A majority of the members of the Council shall constitute a quorum, and any decision thereof shall require the concurring vote of a majority of those present. |
| (12) | A secretariat shall be established within the Council to support the work and operations of the Council. |
| (13) | The Commission shall remain in existence for 5 years from the date this Act enters into force. |
| (14) | Other matters necessary for the composition and operation of the Council and the secretariat under paragraph (12) shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree. |
[Title Amended on Jan. 20, 2026]
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| Article 8 (Functions of the Council) |
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| (1) | The Council shall deliberate and decide on the following: <Amended on Jan. 20, 2026> |
| 1. | Matters regarding inspection and analysis of the formulation, modification, and implementation of the master plan; |
| 2. | Matters regarding the establishment of national vision and mid- to long-term strategies for AI and related matters; |
| 2-2. | Matters regarding the establishment, coordination, and inter-ministerial coordination of policies, programs, and other matters related to AI; |
| 2. | 3. Matters regarding implementation monitoring and performance management for policies and programs related to AI; |
| 3. | Matters regarding the establishment of research and development strategies for AI and related matters; |
| 4. | Matters regarding the establishment of investment directions and the formulation of strategies for AI and related matters; |
| 5. | Matters regarding the identification and improvement of regulations that hinder the development and competitiveness of the AI industry; |
| 5-2. | Matters regarding institutional improvements related to technologies, human resources, and locations for AI and related matters; |
| 5-3. | Other matters regarding the training and support of professionals in AI and AI technology. |
| 6-2. | Matters regarding the promotion of data (including training data) collection, management, and utilization for the advancement of AI; |
| 7. | Matters regarding the promotion of AI utilization in industrial sectors, such as manufacturing and service industries, as well as in the public sector; |
| 8. | Matters regarding international cooperation related to AI, including the establishment of international AI norms; |
| 9. | Matters regarding the expression of recommendations or opinions under paragraph (2); |
| 10. | Matters regarding the regulation of high-impact AI; |
| 11. | Matters regarding the patterns of social change associated with high-impact AI and policy responses; |
| 12. | Matters specified by this Act or any other statute requiring deliberation by the Council; |
| 13. | Other matters deemed necessary by the chair of the Council to be submitted to a meeting of the Council. |
| (2) | The Council may make recommendations or express opinions to the heads of State agencies and public entities, AI business operators, and other such entities regarding the proper use of AI, the practice of AI ethics, the safety and trustworthiness of AI technology. |
| (3) | When the Council makes recommendations or expresses opinions under paragraph (2) to the head of a State agency or other public entity regarding the improvement of statutes, regulations, or systems, or the formulation of action plans, the head of the State agency or entity shall formulate improvement plans for statutes, regulations, or systems, as well as action plans. |
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| Article 9 (Exclusion of, challenge to, and recusal by member) |
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| (1) | Where any of the following applies to a member of the Council, the member shall be excluded from deliberation and resolution on the relevant agenda item to ensure the impartial performance of the duties: |
| 1. | Where a member or a corporation or organization to which the member belongs has a direct interest in the relevant agenda item; |
| 2. | Where a family member of a member (referring to any of the family members as defined in Article 779 of the Civil Act) is an interested party. |
| (2) | A party to an agenda item subject to deliberation (including its executive officers and employees if the party is a corporation or organization) may file a request for challenge to a member with the Council if the circumstances indicate that it would be impractical to expect the member to perform their duties impartially, and the Council shall make a decision to challenge by resolution if it recognizes that the request for challenge is valid. |
| (3) | If the ground under paragraph (1) or (2) applies to a member, the member shall recuse himself or herself from the deliberation on the relevant agenda item. |
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| Article 10 (Expert standing committees) |
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| (1) | The Council may establish expert standing committees, where necessary, in order to perform its affairs in specialized areas. |
| (2) | The Council may establish special committees, where necessary, in order to discuss specific issues related to AI and related matters. |
| (3) | The Council may establish an advisory committee consisting of relevant experts and others to professionally review matters regarding AI and related matters. |
| (4) | The Council may operate a council of chief AI officers, composed of chief AI officers as prescribed by Presidential Decree, for the purpose of establishing major government-wide AI policy measures and promoting the efficient implementation of related programs. <Added on Jan. 20, 2026> |
| (5) | Other matters necessary for the composition, operation, etc. of expert standing committees, special committees, advisory committees, and the council of chief AI officers shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree. <Amended on Jan. 20, 2026> |
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| Article 11 (AI Policy Center) |
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| (1) | The Minister of Science and ICT may designate an AI Policy Center (hereinafter referred to as the "Center") to comprehensively perform the affairs necessary for the development of AI-related policies and the establishment and dissemination of international norms. |
| (2) | The Center shall perform the following functions: |
| 1. | Provision of specialized technical support required for the formulation and implementation of master plans; |
| 2. | Provision of specialized technical support for the development of AI-related policy measures and the planning and implementation of related programs; |
| 3. | Investigation and analysis of the impact of the expanded utilization of AI on society, the economy, culture, and the daily lives of the people; |
| 4. | Trend analyses, social and cultural changes and future forecasting, and investigation and research on laws and systems to support the development of policies related to AI and AI technology; |
| 5. | Functions assigned to the Center as its duties or entrusted to the Center under other statutes and regulations; |
| 6. | Other tasks entrusted by the head of a State agency or other public entity. |
| (3) | Other matters necessary for the designation, etc. of the Center shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree. |
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| Article 12 (AI Safety Institute) |
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| (1) | The Minister of Science and ICT may operate an AI Safety Institute (hereinafter referred to as "AISI") to professionally and efficiently perform its duties to secure the state of protecting citizens' lives, physical well-being, and property from risks arising in relation to AI and maintaining of a foundation for trust in an AI society (hereinafter referred to as "AI safety"). |
| (2) | AISI shall perform the following projects: |
| 1. | Definition and analysis of risks related to AI safety; |
| 2. | Research on AI safety policies; |
| 3. | Research on criteria and methods for AI safety evaluation; |
| 4. | Research on AI safety technologies and standardization; |
| 5. | Promoting international exchange and cooperation related to AI safety; |
| 6. | Support for ensuring the safety of AI systems under Article 32; |
| 7. | Other projects prescribed by Presidential Decree that are related to AI safety. |
| (3) | The Government may contribute to or support the expenses necessary for the operation and project implementation of AISI within the budget. |
| (4) | Other matters necessary for the operation, etc. of AISI shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree. |
CHAPTER III DEVELOPMENT OF AI TECHNOLOGY AND FOSTERING OF AI INDUSTRY
SECTION 1 Establishment of Foundation for AI Industry
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| Article 13 (Support for development and safe use of AI technology) |
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| (1) | The Government may support the following programs to promote the development of AI technology: |
| 1. | Investigation of domestic and international trends and levels of AI technology and related systems; |
| 2. | Research and development, testing, and evaluation of AI technology, or utilization of the developed technology; |
| 3. | Support for the practical application and commercialization of AI technology, including the dissemination, cooperation, and transfer of AI technology; |
| 4. | Efficient dissemination of information and promotion of industry-academia cooperation for the implementation of AI technology; |
| 5. | Other programs prescribed by Presidential Decree related to the development, research, and investigation of AI technology. |
| (2) | The Government may support the following programs for the safe and convenient use of AI technology: |
| 5. | Programs for research and development and dissemination of technologies, criteria, etc. that enable AI to be developed and used in a manner that respects human dignity and fundamental rights; |
| 6. | Programs for awareness improvement of the safe development and use of AI, and for providing education and public campaigns to promote proper usage methods and safe environment creation; |
| 7. | Other programs necessary for the protection of citizens’ fundamental rights, physical safety, and property in the development and use of AI. |
| (3) | The Government shall disclose and disseminate the results of the programs referred in paragraph (2) so that anyone can readily access and use them. In such cases, where necessary to protect those who have developed technologies under such programs, a protection period may be established to allow those persons to receive royalties or to be protected through other means. |
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| Article 14 (Standardization of AI technology) |
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| (1) | The Government may implement the following programs for standardization related to the AI technology, training data, and the safety and trustworthiness of AI: <Amended on Jan. 20, 2026> |
| 1. | Establishment, revision, and abolition of standards related to AI technology, and their dissemination; |
| 2. | Investigation and research and development of domestic and international standards related to AI technology; |
| 3. | Other standardization programs related to AI technology. |
| (2) | The Government may publicly notify the standards established under paragraph (1)1 and recommend that relevant business operators comply with them. |
| (3) | The Government may provide support necessary for standardization programs related to AI technology undertaken by the private sector. |
| (4) | The Government shall maintain and strengthen the cooperation system with international standards organizations or international standards bodies related to AI technology standards. |
| (5) | Other matters necessary for the promotion and support of standardization programs under paragraphs (1) and (3) shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree. |
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| Article 15 (Establishment of policies measures related to AI training data) |
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| (1) | The Minister of Science and ICT shall, in consultation with the heads of relevant central administrative agencies, implement necessary policy measures to facilitate the production, collection, management, distribution, and utilization of training data, and to ensure the quality level thereof. <Amended on Jan. 20, 2026> |
| (2) | The Government may select projects eligible for support and provide assistance within the budget to efficiently promote policy measures related to the production, collection, management, distribution, and utilization of training data. |
| (3) | The Government may implement a project that produces and provides various training data (hereinafter referred to as "training data development project") to promote the production, collection, management, distribution, and utilization of training data. |
| (4) | The Minister of Science and ICT shall establish and manage a system that can integrally provide and manage training data (hereinafter referred to as the "integrated provision system") for the efficient implementation of the training data development project and make it freely available to the private sector. |
| (5) | The Minister of Science and ICT may collect fees from persons using the integrated provision system. |
| (6) | Matters necessary for selecting and supporting target projects under paragraph (2), the implementation of the training data development project, the establishment and management of the integrated provision system, and the collection of fees under paragraph (5) shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree. |
SECTION 2 Development of AI technology and Promotion of the AI industry
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| Article 16 (Policy measures for adoption and utilization of AI technology) |
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| (1) | The State and local governments shall establish and implement policy measures to promote the adoption and widespread utilization of AI technology by enterprises and public institutions: <Added on Jan. 20, 2026> |
| (2) | The State and local governments may, if necessary, provide the following support to promote the adoption and utilization of AI technology by enterprises and public institutions: <Amended on Jan. 20, 2026> |
| 1. | Support for the development of AI technology, AI products, or AI services, and the dissemination of research and development outcomes; |
| 2. | Consulting support for enterprises and public institutions seeking to adopt and utilize AI technology; |
| 2-2. | Support necessary for public institutions to generate and provide data they hold and manage as training data, and to ensure an appropriate level of quality; |
| 4. | Funding for the adoption and utilization of AI technology by small and medium enterprises, etc.; |
| 5. | Other matters prescribed by Presidential Decree to promote the adoption and utilization of AI technology by enterprises and public institutions. |
| (3) | A State agency or other public entity shall give priority consideration to AI products or AI services prescribed by Presidential Decree where intending to procure products or services or award service contracts necessary for the performance of its duties; provided, this shall not apply where the use of AI technology is not appropriate due to the nature of the duties. <Added on Jan. 20, 2026> |
| (4) | Even where damage occurs to a State agency or other public entity as a result of the purchase or use of AI products or AI services under paragraph (3), the person in charge of the purchase or use shall not be liable for compensation for damages to the agency or entity; provided, this shall not apply if the damages resulted from the intentional conduct or gross negligence of that person. <Added on Jan. 20, 2026> |
| (5) | Matters necessary for support under paragraph (2) shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree. <Amended on Jan. 20, 2026> |
[Title Amended on Jan. 20, 2026]
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| Article 17 (Special support for small and medium enterprises, etc.) |
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| (1) | When implementing various support policy measures related to AI technology and the AI industry under this Act, priority shall be given to small and medium enterprises, etc. |
| (2) | The Government shall endeavor to promote participation of small and medium enterprises, etc. in the AI industry and shall reflect matters related thereto in the master plan. |
| (3) | The Minister of Science and ICT may provide support to small and medium enterprises, etc., in implementing the measures under Article 34 and in conducting impact assessments under Article 35 to ensure the safety and trustworthiness of AI. |
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| Article 17-2 (Support for expenses of using AI products and AI services) |
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| (1) | The State and local governments may, within the budget, provide financial support to cover all or part of the expenses of using AI products and AI services for individuals who have difficulty accessing the products and services due to economic circumstances. |
| (2) | The requirements, eligible recipients, and other necessary matters for cost support under paragraph (1) shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree. |
[This Article Added on Jan. 20, 2026]
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| Article 18 (Promotion of business start-up) |
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| (1) | The Government may implement the following programs to promote business start-up in the AI industry: |
| 1. | Programs related to the identification, fostering, and support of entrepreneurs in the AI industry sectors; |
| 2. | Programs related to education and training for the promotion of business start-up in the AI industry sectors; |
| 3. | Support for the commercialization of advanced AI technology developed by professionals under Article 21; |
| 4. | Valuation of AI technology and financial support for startup funding; |
| 5. | Provision of AI-related research and technology development outcomes; |
| 6. | Fostering institutions and organizations that support business start-up in the AI industry sectors; |
| 7. | Other programs necessary to promote business start-up in the AI industry sectors. |
| (2) | Local governments may contribute to or invest in public organizations such as public institutions that support business start-up in the AI industry sectors. |
| (3) | The head of a central administrative agency may, in consultation with the Minister of SMEs and Startups, provide support through the fund of funds for venture investment established under Article 70 of the Venture Investment Promotion Act in order to encourage business start-up in the AI industry. <Added on Jan. 20, 2026> |
| (4) | The funds for the support under paragraph (3) shall be created with the following financial resources: <Added on Jan. 20, 2026> |
| 1. | Capital contributions made by the State, local governments, or public institutions; |
| 2. | Capital contributions made by a person, other than the State, a local government, or a public institution, that wishes to invest in the fund of funds for venture investment in connection with the AI industry; |
| 3. | Other incidental income. |
| (5) | Matters necessary for making capital contributions to the fund of funds for venture investment under paragraph (3) shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree. <Added on Jan. 20, 2026> |
[Title Amended on Jan. 20, 2026]
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| Article 19 (Promotion of AI convergence) |
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| (1) | The Government shall establish and implement necessary policy measures to facilitate convergence between the AI industry and other industries and to promote the utilization of AI across all sectors. |
| (2) | The Government may, if necessary, prioritize and promote research and development programs on AI convergence products and services in national research and development programs under the National Research and Development Innovation Act to support the development of AI convergence products and services. |
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| Article 20 (System improvement) |
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| (1) | The Government shall endeavor to improve relevant systems, including the revision of statutes and regulations, to promote the development of the AI industry and the creation of a foundation for trust. |
| (2) | The Government may provide administrative and financial support necessary for research on related laws and systems and for gathering opinions from various sectors of society in order to facilitate the improvement of systems under paragraph (1). |
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| Article 21 (Securing AI professionals) |
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| (1) | The Minister of Science and ICT shall implement the following programs to develop and support professionals in AI and AI technology in accordance with the policy measures under Article 23(1) of the Framework Act on Intelligent Informatization for the development of AI technology and the advancement of the AI industry. <Amended on Jan. 20, 2026> |
| 1. | Development and implementation of education and training programs to enhance the job competencies and career development of professionals; |
| 2. | Promotion of employment, including by supporting the employment of professionals and facilitating the influx of new talent; |
| 3. | Promotion of diversified career paths, including the expansion of opportunities for professionals to enter public service; |
| 4. | Support for domestic and international training programs for professionals and promotion of international exchange; |
| 5. | Improvement of the welfare of professionals, including the improvement of working conditions and enhancement of benefits; |
| 6. | Other programs for the development and support of professionals in AI and AI technology. |
| (2) | The Government may implement the following policy measures to secure overseas professionals in AI and AI technology: |
| 1. | Investigation and analysis on professionals at overseas universities, research institutes, enterprises related to AI and AI technology; |
| 2. | Establishment of an international network to attract overseas professionals; |
| 3. | Support for overseas professionals seeking employment in the Republic of Korea; |
| 4. | Support for overseas expansion of domestic AI research institutes and attraction of overseas AI research institutes to the Republic of Korea; |
| 5. | Support for attracting international organizations and international events related to AI and AI technology to the Republic of Korea; |
| 6. | Other matters necessary to secure overseas professionals. |
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| Article 22 (Support for international cooperation and overseas expansion) |
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| (1) | The Government shall identify international trends related to AI and promote international cooperation. |
| (2) | The Government may provide the following support to individuals, enterprises, or organizations engaged in the AI industry in order to strengthen the competitiveness of the AI industry and promote expansion into overseas markets: |
| 1. | International exchange of information, technology, and personnel related to the AI industry; |
| 2. | Collection, analysis, and provision of information on overseas expansion related to the AI industry; |
| 3. | Joint research and development and international standardization of AI technology, AI products, or AI services between countries; |
| 4. | Attraction of foreign capital investment related to the AI industry; |
| 5. | Public awareness activities and overseas marketing, including participation in international professional conferences and exhibitions on AI and related matters; |
| 6. | Establishment of sales systems, distribution systems, and cooperative systems necessary for the export of AI products or AI services; |
| 7. | Identification of international trends in AI ethics, and international cooperation; |
| 8. | Other matters necessary to strengthen the competitiveness of the AI industry and promote entry into overseas markets. |
| (3) | In order to efficiently perform the support under each subparagraph of paragraph (2), the Government may entrust the support to, or have it carried out by, public institutions or other organizations, and may subsidize the costs necessary for the purpose. |
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| Article 22-2 (Establishment and support of AI research institutes) |
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| (1) | Entities prescribed by the Presidential Decree, such as universities or enterprises, may establish and operate research institutes for the development and utilization of AI (each hereinafter referred to as "AI research institute"), independently or jointly. |
| (2) | Where an entity prescribed by the Presidential Decree, such as a university or an enterprise, intends to establish an AI research institute under paragraph (1), it shall obtain permission from the Minister of Science and ICT after meeting the following requirements: |
| 1. | It shall have at least 3 promoters; |
| 2. | It shall have the capability, including personnel and facilities, to conduct projects under paragraph (5); |
| 3. | It shall meet other requirements prescribed by Presidential Decree necessary for the establishment and operation of the AI research institute. |
| (3) | An AI research institute shall have a director. The director of the AI research institute shall represent the institute and exercise overall control over its affairs. |
| (4) | The articles of incorporation of an AI research institute shall include the following matters: |
| 3. | Location of the principal office; |
| 4. | Regulations on assets; |
| 5. | Regulations on the qualifications and appointment and dismissal of the director of the Institute; |
| 6. | Regulations on the responsibilities and authorities of the director of the Institute. |
| (5) | An AI research institute shall perform the following projects by industry and by function: |
| 1. | AI technology research and development; |
| 2. | Research and development on the convergence of AI technology with other technologies and interdisciplinary fields; |
| 3. | Management, transfer, utilization, and commercialization of research and development outcomes in AI technology; |
| 4. | Training of professionals engaged in AI technology research and development; |
| 5. | International exchange and cooperation related to AI technology research and development; |
| 6. | Other matters necessary for AI technology research and development. |
| (6) | The Government and local governments may provide financial support within the budget for the expenses necessary for the operation and project implementation of AI research institutes. |
| (7) | AI research institutes may receive subsidies, donations, or other contributions from persons other than the Government or local governments or may engage in revenue-generating activities as stipulated in their articles of incorporation, in order to generate funds necessary for their operation. |
| (8) | The director of an AI research institute may, where necessary for the research and development of AI technology and related activities, consult with entities prescribed by Presidential Decree, such as universities and enterprises, under paragraph (1), arrange for executive officers or employees to be seconded to, or to serve concurrently at, the AI research institute to conduct research or related activities, and may provide necessary support to the entities to which the executive officers or employees belong. In such cases, the director of the institute may request support for consultation from the Minister of Science and ICT if necessary. |
| (9) | Except as provided in this Act, the provisions of the Civil Act governing incorporated foundations shall apply mutatis mutandis to AI research institutes. |
| (10) | The Minister of Science and ICT may issue a corrective order or revoke the permission for the establishment of an AI research institute if it falls under any of the following cases; provided, if the institute falls under subparagraph 1 or 2, the permission shall be revoked: |
| 1. | Where the institute has obtained permission for its establishment by fraud or other improper means; |
| 2. | Where the institute becomes impossible to achieve its purposes; |
| 3. | Where the institute fails to meet the requirements for permission under paragraph (2); |
| 4. | Where the institute conducts any business outside the scope of its intended business; |
| 5. | Where the Institute violates any statute or regulation, articles of incorporation, or order issued under this Act; |
| 6. | Where the institute commits an act harmful to the public interest; |
| 7. | Where the institute fails to commence its intended business within 6 months from the date of permission for its establishment without good cause, or it has no business performance for 1 year or more. |
| (11) | The Minister of Science and ICT shall hold a hearing if the Minister intends to revoke the permission for the establishment of an AI research institute under paragraph (10). |
| (12) | Other matters necessary for the procedures for establishment of AI research institutes, and the operation and support thereof shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree. |
[This Article Added on Jan. 20, 2026]
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| Article 22-3 (Establishment and operation of research institutions for securing AI technology) |
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The Minister of Science and ICT may establish and operate institutions that conduct research on the development and utilization of AI, as prescribed by Presidential Decree, where necessary to secure innovative AI technology.
[This Article Added on Jan. 20, 2026]
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| Article 23 (Designation of AI clusters) |
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| (1) | The State and local governments may implement the functional, physical, and regional clustering of enterprises, institutions, or organizations engaged in the research and development of AI and AI technology in order to foster the AI industry and strengthen competitiveness in AI development and utilization. |
| (2) | The State and local governments may, if necessary for the clustering under paragraph (1), designate an AI cluster (hereinafter referred to as the "AI cluster") and provide administrative, financial, and technical support as prescribed by Presidential Decree. |
| (3) | The Minister of Science and ICT may revoke the designation of an AI cluster in any of the following cases; provided, in the case of subparagraph 1, the designation shall be revoked: |
| 1. | Where the designation is obtained by fraud or other improper means; |
| 2. | Where the head of the State or head of the local government that designated the AI cluster determines that it is difficult for the AI cluster to achieve the purpose of its designation. |
| (4) | The Government may establish or designate a dedicated institution to comprehensively support related tasks in order to effectively anchor the clustering implemented under paragraph (1) within a region. |
| (5) | The Government may contribute or subsidize all or part of the expenses necessary for the operation and project execution of the dedicated institution under paragraph (4). |
| (6) | Other matters necessary for the designation and revocation of designation of an AI cluster and the establishment or designation of a dedicated institution under paragraph (4) shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree. |
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| Article 24 (Establishment of AI demonstration infrastructure) |
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| (1) | The State and local governments may establish and operate facilities, equipment, installations, etc. necessary for testing and evaluation (hereinafter referred to as "demonstration infrastructure") to support demonstration, performance testing, and verification and certification under Article 30 of technologies developed by or transferred to AI business operators (hereinafter referred to as "demonstration testing and related activities"). |
| (2) | The State and local governments may make available to AI business operators any demonstration infrastructure held by institutions designated by Presidential Decree in order to promote demonstration testing and related activities. |
| (3) | Other matters necessary for the establishment, operation, availability, etc. of demonstration infrastructure shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree. |
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| Article 25 (Implementation of policy measures related to AI data centers) |
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| (1) | The Government shall implement necessary policy measures to encourage the establishment and operation of data centers used for the development and utilization of AI (hereinafter referred to as "AI data centers"). |
| (2) | The Government may perform the following tasks to implement the policy measures under paragraph (1). |
| 1. | Administrative and financial support necessary for the establishment and operation of AI data centers |
| 2. | Support for the use of AI data centers by small and medium enterprises, research institutes, etc.; |
| 3. | Support for balanced regional development of AI-related infrastructure facilities, including AI data centers. |
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| Article 26 (Establishment of Korean AI promotion association) |
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| (1) | Persons engaged in research and practice in AI and related matters may establish or be designated as a Korean AI promotion association (hereinafter referred to as "Association") with the authorization of the Minister of Science and ICT, as prescribed by Presidential Decree, to promote the development and use of AI, to advance the AI industry and AI technology, and to provide education and publicity on AI and related matters. |
| (2) | The Association shall be a corporation. |
| (3) | The Association shall perform the following duties: |
| 1. | Promotion and dissemination of the use of AI technology, AI products, or AI services; |
| 2. | Survey on the current state of AI and related matters and on relevant statistics; |
| 3. | Establishment and operation of shared facilities for AI business operators, and provision of education for the development of professionals; |
| 4. | Support for the overseas expansion of AI business operators and AI-related professionals; |
| 5. | Education and publicity for the development and utilization of safe and trustworthy AI; |
| 6. | Projects entrusted to the Association under this Act or other statutes; |
| 7. | Other projects necessary for achieving the purposes of the establishment of the Association, as prescribed by its articles of incorporation. |
| (4) | The State and the local government may support funds necessary for the Association's implementation of its projects or subsidize expenses necessary for its operation within the budget where necessary for the development of the AI industry and the creation of a foundation for trust. |
| (5) | The qualifications for members of the Association, its executive officers, its duties, etc. shall be prescribed by the articles of incorporation; and other matters to be included in the articles of incorporation shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree. |
| (6) | Where the Minister of Science and ICT grants authorization under paragraph (1), the Minister shall publicly announce the fact. |
| (7) | Except as provided in this Act, the provisions of the Civil Act governing incorporated associations shall apply mutatis mutandis to the Association. |
CHAPTER IV ENSURING AI ETHICS AND TRUSTWORTHINESS
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| Article 27 (AI Ethics Principles) |
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| (1) | The Government may establish and promulgate AI ethics principles (hereinafter referred to as the "Ethics Principles") that include the following matters, as prescribed by Presidential Decree, to promote the dissemination of AI ethics: |
| 1. | Matters related to AI safety and trustworthiness to ensure that human life, physical health, or mental well-being are not harmed during the process of developing and utilizing AI; |
| 2. | Matters related to accessibility that allow all people to freely and conveniently use products, services, etc. incorporating AI technology; |
| 3. | Matters related to the development and utilization of AI that contribute to human well-being and prosperity. |
| (2) | The Minister of Science and ICT shall establish action plans to ensure that the Ethics Principles can be realized by all persons involved in the development and utilization of AI after gathering opinions from various sectors of society and shall disclose, publicize, and educate them. |
| (3) | Where the head of a central administrative agency or the head of a local government establishes or revises AI ethics standards (referring to statutes or regulations, standards, guidelines, or other instruments related to AI ethics, regardless of their name or form), the Minister of Science and ICT may make recommendations or express opinions on the connectivity and consistency with the Ethics Principles and the action plans under paragraph (2). |
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| Article 28 (Establishment of private-sector self-regulatory AI ethics committees) |
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| (1) | The following institutions or organizations may establish a private-sector self-regulatory AI ethics committee (hereinafter referred to as "private-sector self-regulatory committee") in order to comply with the Ethics Principles: |
| 1. | Educational institutions and research institutes to which persons who conduct AI technology research and development belong; |
| 2. | AI business operators; |
| 3. | Other AI technology-related institutions prescribed by Presidential Decree. |
| (2) | Private-sector self-regulatory committees shall independently perform the following duties: |
| 1. | Checking compliance with the Ethics Principles in AI technology research, development, and utilization; |
| 2. | Investigation and research on safety, human rights violations, etc. in AI technology research, development, and utilization; |
| 3. | Investigation and supervision of the procedures and results of AI technology research, development, and utilization; |
| 4. | Provision of education on the Ethics Principles to researchers and employees of the relevant institution or organization; |
| 5. | Preparation of sector-specific AI ethics guidelines suitable for AI technology research, development, and utilization; |
| 6. | Other duties necessary for the implementation of the Ethics Principles. |
| (3) | The matters necessary for the composition and operation of the private-sector self-regulatory committee shall be determined autonomously of the relevant institution or organization; provided, the committee shall not be composed of members of a single gender, and shall include persons who have experience and knowledge to evaluate social and ethical validity and persons who are not employed by the relevant institution or organization, respectively. |
| (4) | The Minister of Science and ICT may prepare and disseminate standard guidelines, etc. for the fair and neutral composition and operation of private-sector self-regulatory committees. |
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| Article 29 (Preparation of policy measures to create foundation for trust in AI) |
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The Government shall prepare the following policy measures to minimize the potential risks that AI poses to the daily lives of the people and to create a foundation of trust for the safe use of AI:
| 1. | Creation of a safe and trustworthy environment for the use of AI; |
| 2. | Prospects and forecasts regarding the impact of the use of AI on the daily lives of the people and the reorganization of related statutes and regulations and systems; |
| 3. | Support for the development and dissemination of safety technologies and certification technologies to ensure the safety and trustworthiness of AI; |
| 4. | Provision of education and publicity for the realization of a safe and trustworthy AI society and the practice of AI ethics; |
| 5. | Support for AI business operators in the autonomous establishment and implementation of rules related to safety and trustworthiness; |
| 6. | Support and dissemination of private activities, such as autonomous cooperation to enhance the safety and trustworthiness of AI and the establishment of ethical guidelines by AI-related organizations composed of AI business operators, users, etc. (hereinafter referred to as "organizations, etc."); |
| 7. | Other matters prescribed by Presidential Decree to ensure the safety and trustworthiness of AI. |
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| Article 30 (Support for verification and certification of AI safety and trustworthiness) |
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| (1) | The Minister of Science and ICT may implement the following projects to support verification and certification activities (hereinafter referred to as "verification and certification") voluntarily performed by organizations, etc. to ensure the safety and trustworthiness of AI: |
| 1. | Dissemination of guidelines on AI development; |
| 2. | Support for research on verification and certification; |
| 3. | Support for the construction and operation of equipment and systems used for verification and certification; |
| 4. | Support for the training of professionals needed for verification and certification; |
| 5. | Other matters prescribed by Presidential Decree to support verification and certification. |
| (2) | The Minister of Science and ICT may, as prescribed by Presidential Decree, provide related information or administrative and financial support to small and medium enterprises, etc. that intends to obtain verification and certification. |
| (3) | An AI business operator shall endeavor to obtain verification and certification in advance where the operator provides high-impact AI. |
| (4) | Where the State agency or other public entity intends to use high-impact AI, it shall give preferential consideration to products or services based on AI that has obtained verification and certification. |
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| Article 31 (Obligation to ensure AI transparency) |
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| (1) | An AI business operator that intends to provide a product or service using high-impact AI or generative AI shall notify the user in advance that the product or service is operated based on that AI. |
| (2) | An AI business operator that provides generative AI or a product or service using it shall indicate that the output was generated by generative AI. |
| (3) | Where an AI business operator provides outputs, such as synthetic sound, images, or video, that are difficult to distinguish from the real ones, by using an AI system, the operator shall notify or indicate in a manner that users can readily recognize the fact that such outputs have been generated by the AI system. In this case, if the outputs correspond to an artistic or creative work or constitute a part thereof, the fact may be notified or indicated in a manner that does not hinder the exhibition or enjoyment. |
| (4) | Other matters necessary for the prior notification under paragraph (1), the indication under paragraph (2), the method of notification or indication and its exceptions under paragraph (3) shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree. |
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| Article 32 (Obligation to ensure AI safety) |
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| (1) | An AI business operator shall implement the following to ensure the safety of an AI system in which the cumulative amount of compute used for training meets or exceeds the threshold prescribed by Presidential Decree: |
| 1. | Identification, assessment, and mitigation of risks throughout the entire AI lifecycle; |
| 2. | Establishment of a risk management system capable of monitoring and responding to AI safety incidents. |
| (2) | An AI business operator shall submit the results of the implementation of the matters in the subparagraphs of paragraph (1) to the Minister of Science and ICT. |
| (3) | The Minister of Science and ICT shall determine and publicly notify the specific implementation methods for the matters in the subparagraphs of paragraph (1) and the matters necessary for submitting the results under paragraph (2). |
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| Article 33 (Confirmation of high-impact AI) |
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| (1) | Where an AI business operator provides AI or products and services using the AI, the operator shall review in advance whether the AI falls under the high-impact AI, and if necessary, may request the Minister of Science and ICT to confirm whether it falls under the high-impact AI. |
| (2) | The Minister of Science and ICT shall, upon receipt of the request under paragraph (1), confirm whether the AI falls under the high-impact AI, and may establish a specialized committee to obtain related advice if necessary. |
| (3) | The Minister of Science and ICT may establish and disseminate guidelines on criteria, examples, etc. of high-impact AI. |
| (4) | Other matters necessary for the confirmation procedures under paragraph (1) shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree. |
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| Article 34 (Responsibilities of business operators regarding high-impact AI) |
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| (1) | Where an AI business operator provides high-impact AI or a product or service using it, the operator shall implement measures, as prescribed by Presidential Decree, that include the following to ensure the safety and trustworthiness of high-impact AI: |
| 1. | Establishing and operating risk management measures; |
| 2. | Establishing and implementing explanation measures regarding, to the extent technically feasible, the final results derived by the AI, the main criteria utilized to derive the final results of the AI, and the overview of training data used in the development and utilization of the AI; |
| 3. | Establishing and operating user protection measures; |
| 4. | Ensuring human management and oversight of high-impact AI; |
| 5. | Preparing and retaining documents that can verify the contents of the measures taken to ensure the safety and trustworthiness; |
| 6. | Other matters deliberated and resolved by the Council to ensure the safety and trustworthiness of high-impact AI. |
| (2) | The Minister of Science and ICT may determine and publicly notify the details of the measures in the subparagraphs of paragraph (1) and may recommend that AI business operators comply with them. |
| (3) | Where an AI business operator has implemented measures equivalent to those in the subparagraphs of paragraph (1) as prescribed by Presidential Decree, they shall be deemed to have implemented the measures under paragraph (1). |
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| Article 35 (Impact assessment of high-impact AI) |
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| (1) | Where an AI business operator provides products or services using high-impact AI, the operator shall endeavor to assess the impact on the fundamental rights of people in advance (hereinafter referred to as "impact assessment"). In such cases, the impact assessment shall be conducted in a manner that reflects the characteristics of AI-vulnerable groups, considering the nature of the products or services using high-impact AI. <Amended on Jan. 20, 2026> |
| (2) | Where the State agency or other public entity intends to use products or services using high-impact AI, it shall give preferential consideration to products or services that have undergone impact assessments. |
| (3) | Other matters necessary for the specific content and methods of impact assessments shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree. |
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| Article 36 (Designation of domestic representative) |
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| (1) | An AI business operator that has no domicile or place of business in the country and meets the criteria for the number of users, sales revenue, etc. as prescribed by Presidential Decree shall designate a person who acts on behalf of the operator in the following matters (hereinafter referred to as a "domestic representative") in writing and shall report it to the Minister of Science and ICT: |
| 2. | Request for confirmation of whether it falls under the high-impact AI under Article 33 (1); |
| 3. | Support necessary for implementing the measures to ensure safety and trustworthiness under the subparagraphs of Article 34(1) (including the inspection of the up-to-dateness and accuracy of the documents under subparagraph 5 of that paragraph). |
| (2) | The domestic representative shall be a person that has a domicile or place of business within the Republic of Korea. |
| (3) | Where a domestic representative has violated this Act in connection with the subparagraphs of paragraph (1), the AI business operator that designated the domestic representative shall be deemed to have committed the violation. |
CHAPTER V SUPPLEMENTARY PROVISIONS
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| Article 37 (Expansion of financial resources for promotion of the AI industry) |
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| (1) | The State shall prepare a plan to continuously and stably expand the necessary financial resources to effectively promote the master plan and the policy measures, etc. under this Act. |
| (2) | The Minister of Science and ICT may, if necessary for the promotion of the AI industry, recommend that a public institution provide necessary support for programs, etc. related to the promotion of the AI industry. |
| (3) | The State and local governments shall take necessary measures to enable the private sector, including enterprises, to actively invest in programs related to the promotion of the AI industry. |
| (4) | The State and local governments shall endeavor to efficiently execute investment resources, comprehensively considering the development stage, etc. of the AI industry. |
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| Article 38 (Compilation of fact-finding surveys, statistics, and indicators) |
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| (1) | The Minister of Science and ICT shall, in consultation with the Minister of Data and Statistics, prepare, manage, and publish fact-finding surveys, statistics, and indicators regarding domestic and international AI and related matters, in conjunction with the statistics under Article 26-2 of the Framework Act on Science and Technology in order to plan, establish, and implement master plans and other policy measures and programs regarding AI and related matters. <Amended on Oct. 1, 2025> |
| (2) | The Minister of Science and ICT may request cooperation, such as data submission, from the heads of relevant central administrative agencies, heads of local governments, and heads of public institutions for the compilation of the statistics and indicators under paragraph (1). In this case, the head of the agency, local government, or public institution requested to cooperate shall comply therewith unless there is a compelling reasons not to do so. |
| (3) | Other matters necessary for compiling, managing, and publishing fact-finding surveys, statistics, and indicators under paragraph (1) shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree. |
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| Article 39 (Delegation of authority and entrustment of tasks) |
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| (1) | The Minister of Science and ICT or the head of a relevant central administrative agency may delegate part of the authority under this Act to the head of a subordinate agency or the Special Metropolitan City Mayor, a Metropolitan City Mayor, a Special Self-Governing City Mayor, a Do Governor, or a Special Self-Governing Province Governor (hereinafter referred to as the "Mayor/Do Governor" in this Article) as prescribed by Presidential Decree. In this case, the Mayor/Do Governor may redelegate a part of the delegated authority to the head of a Si (including the head of an administrative Si under Article 11(2) of the Special Act on the Establishment of Jeju Special Self-Governing Province and the Development of Free International Free City)/Gun/Gu (the head of a Gu refers to the head of an autonomous Gu). |
| (2) | The Government may entrust the following tasks to a relevant institution or organization as prescribed by Presidential Decree: |
| 1. | Support for programs related to the development and utilization of AI technology under Article 13; |
| 2. | Selection and support of projects eligible for support regarding the production, collection, management, distribution, and utilization of training data and the implementation of training data development projects under Article 15(2) and (3); |
| 3. | Establishment, operation, and management of the integrated provision system; |
| 4. | Matters deemed necessary by the Minister of Science and ICT for the promotion of business start-up under Article 18; |
| 5. | Support related to verification and certification under Article 30(2); |
| 6. | Compilation of fact-finding surveys, statistics, and indicators under Article 38; |
| 7. | Other tasks prescribed by Presidential Decree for the fostering of the AI industry and the dissemination of AI ethics. |
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| Article 40 (Fact-finding investigations) |
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| (1) | The Minister of Science and ICT may require an AI business operator to submit relevant data or have public officials under his or her control conduct necessary investigations in any of the following cases: |
| (2) | Where the Minister of Science and ICT deems it necessary for the investigation under paragraph (1), he or she may authorize public officials of the Ministry to enter the office or place of business of an AI business operator to investigate ledgers, documents, and other data or things. In this case, except for matters prescribed in this Act regarding the content, method, and procedures of the investigation, the provisions of the Framework Act on Administrative Investigations shall apply. |
| (3) | Where the Minister of Science and ICT recognizes, based on the results of investigations under paragraphs (1) and (2), that an AI business operator has violated this Act, the Minister may order the AI business operator to take necessary measures to cease or correct the violation. |
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| Article 41 (Legal fiction as public officials for purposes of applying penalty provisions) |
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CHAPTER VI PENALTY PROVISIONS
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| Article 42 (Penalty provisions) |
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A person who, in violation of Article 7(9), discloses any secret that he or she has learned in the course of his or her duties to another person or uses such secret for purposes other than those related to his or her duties shall be punished by imprisonment with labor for not more than 3 years or by a fine not exceeding 30 million won.
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| Article 43 (Administrative fines) |
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| (1) | Any of the following persons shall be subject to an administrative fine not exceeding 30 million won: |
| 1. | A person who fails to provide the notification, in violation of Article 31(1); |
| 2. | A person who fails to designate a domestic representative, in violation of Article 36(1); |
| 3. | A person who fails to comply with an order to cease or correct a violation issued under Article 40(3); |
| (2) | Administrative fines under paragraph (1) shall be imposed and collected by the Minister of Science and ICT as prescribed by Presidential Decree. |
ADDENDA <Act No. 20676, Jan. 21, 2025>
Article 1 (Enforcement date)
This Act shall enter into force 1 year after the date of its promulgation; provided, the portion regarding digital medical devices under subparagraph 4d of Article 2 under shall enter into force on January 24, 2026. Article 2 (Preparatory actions for enforcing this Act)
The commissioning of members of the Council and the establishment of expert standing committees, special committees, advisory committees, and a secretariat necessary for enforcing this Act may be conducted before this Act enters into force.
Article 3 (Special cases concerning dedicated institutions)
An institution that, at the time this Act enters into force, is operating with budgetary support from the Government to effectively anchor the clustering in relevant regions in accordance with Article 23(1), and that meets the requirements prescribed by Presidential Decree, including organization and personnel, shall be deemed designated as a dedicated institution in accordance with this Act, notwithstanding Article 23(4).
ADDENDA <Act No. 21065, Oct. 1, 2025>
Article 1 (Enforcement date)
This Act shall enter into force on the date of its promulgation; provided, among the statutes to be amended under Article 7 of the Addenda, any amendment made by this Act to the statutes that were promulgated before this Act enters into force but whose enforcement dates have yet to arrive shall enter into force ... <omitted> ... on the enforcement date of the respective statute:
ADDENDUM <Act No. 21311, Jan. 20, 2026>
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