No. 9362
Promulgation Date 2009-01-30
Ministry of Justice
ALL
PART I GENERAL PROVISIONS
CHAPTER I COMMON PROVISIONS
Article 1 (Applicable Rules to Commercial Matters)
Article 2 (Commercial Activities by Public Juristic Persons)
Article 3 (Unilateral Commercial Activities)
CHAPTER II MERCHANTS
Article 4 (Merchant-by Nature of Business)
Article 5 (Merchant-by Legal Construction)
Article 6 (Business of Incompetent Person and Registration thereof)
Article 7 (Incompetent Person and Member with Unlimited Liability)
Article 8 (Representation of Business by Legal Representative)
Article 9 (Petty Merchants)
CHAPTER III TRADE EMPLOYEES
Article 10 (Appointment of Manager)
Article 11 (Agency Authority of Manager)
Article 12 (Co-manager)
Article 13 (Registration of Manager)
Article 14 (Apparent Manager)
Article 15 (Employee Invested with Partial Comprehensive Agency Authority)
Article 16 (Employee of Shop which Sells Goods)
Article 17 (Duties of Trade Employee)
CHAPTER IV TRADE NAMES
Article 18 (Free Choice of Trade Name)
Article 19 (Trade Name of Company)
Article 20 (Ban on Illegal Use of Trade Name of Company)
Article 21 (Unitary Trade Name)
Article 22 (Effect of Registration of Trade Name)
Article 22-2 (Provisional Registration of Trade Name)
Article 23 (Prohibition of Use of Trade Name which is likely to Misconceive Ownership of Business)
Article 24 (Liability of Person who has Lent His Name)
Article 25 (Transfer of Trade Name)
Article 26 (Effect of Failure to Use Trade Name)
Article 27 (Application for Cancellation of Registration of Trade Name)
Article 28 (Penalties for Illegal Use of Trade Name)
CHAPTER V TRADE BOOKS
Article 29 (Kinds of and Principles to Make Trade Books)
Article 30 (Method to Make Trade Books)
Article 31 (Principles for Valuation of Assets)
Article 32 (Production of Trade Books)
Article 33 (Preservation of Trade Books, etc.)
CHAPTER VI COMMERCIAL REGISTRATION
Article 34 (General Rules)
Article 34-2 Deleted.
Article 35 (Registration at Place of Branch Office)
Article 36 Deleted.
Article 37 (Effect of Registration)
Article 38 (Effect of Registration at Location of Branch Office)
Article 39 (False Registration)
Article 40 (Registration of Changes or Extinguishment)
CHAPTER VII TRANSFER OF BUSINESS
Article 41 (Prohibition of Competitive Business of Transferor)
Article 42 (Liability of Business Transferee who Continues to Use Trade Name)
Article 43 (Performance of Obligations to Business Transferee)
Article 44 (Liability of Business Transferee who has Made Advertisement of Obligation Acceptance)
Article 45 (Duration of Liability of Business Transferor)
PART II COMMERCIAL ACTIVITIES
CHAPTER I COMMON PROVISIONS
Article 46 (Basic Commercial Activities)
Article 47 (Subsidiary Commercial Activities)
Article 48 (Methods of Agency)
Article 49 (Mandate)
Article 50 (Continuation of Agency Authority)
Article 51 (Binding Force of Offer of Contract Inter Presentes)
Article 52 (Binding Force of Offer of Contract Inter Absentees)
Article 53 (Duty to Dispatch Notice of Acceptance or Rejection)
Article 54 (Legal Rate of Interest in Commercial Activities)
Article 55 (Demand for Legal Interest)
Article 56 (Place of Performance of Obligation Arising out of Transaction of Branch Office)
Article 57 (Joint and Several Obligations of Obligors and Guarantors)
Article 58 (Mercantile Lien)
Article 59 (Admission of Forfeited Pledge)
Article 60 (Duty to Hold Goods in Custody)
Article 61 (Merchant Right to Demand Remuneration)
Article 62 (Liability of Merchant who Accepted Deposit of Goods)
Article 63 (Business Hours and Performance of Obligation or Demand thereof)
Article 64 (Extinctive Prescription for Commercial Claim)
Article 65 (Valuable Instruments and Mutatis Mutandis Application)
Article 66 (Quasi Commercial Transactions)
CHAPTER II SALE
Article 67 (Rights of Seller for Deposit and Auction of Subject-Matter)
Article 68 (Rescission of Contract of Sale at Fixed Time)
Article 69 (Buyer's Duty to Examine Subject-Matter and to Notify Defects therein)
Article 70 (Buyer's Duty of Custody or Deposit of Subject-Matter)
Article 71 (Idem-Case where Quantity is in Excess)
CHAPTER III MUTUAL ACCOUNT
Article 72 (Definition)
Article 73 (Special Provisions concerning Claims and Obligations Represented by Commercial Papers)
Article 74 (Period of Mutual Account)
Article 75 (Acknowledgement of and Objections to Statement of Account)
Article 76 (Legal Interest in regard to Right to Balance)
Article 77 (Termination)
CHAPTER IV UNDISCLOSED ASSOCIATION
Article 78 (Definition)
Article 79 (Contribution by Undisclosed Partner)
Article 80 (Relation between Undisclosed Partner and Third Person)
Article 81 (Liability for having Consented to Use Name or Trade Name)
Article 82 (Dividend of Profits and Bearing Part of Loss)
Article 83 (Termination of Contract)
Article 84 (Termination of Contract)
Article 85 (Effect of Termination of Contract)
Article 86 (Applicable Provisions)
CHAPTER V COMMERCIAL AGENTS
Article 87 (Definition)
Article 88 (Duty to Notify)
Article 89 (Prohibition of Competitive Business)
Article 90 (Power to Receive Notices)
Article 91 (Lien of Commercial Agent)
Article 92 (Termination of Contract)
Article 92-2 (Claim for Compensation by Commercial Agent)
Article 92-3 (Duty of Commercial Agent to Keep Trade Secret)
CHAPTER VI BROKERAGE
Article 93 (Definition)
Article 94 (Broker's Power to Accept Performance on behalf of Parties)
Article 95 (Duty to Keep Sample)
Article 96 (Duty to Deliver Contract Documents)
Article 97 (Duty to Maintain Books)
Article 98 (Duty not to Disclose Name or Trade Name)
Article 99 (Responsibility of Broker)
Article 100 (Right to Demand Remuneration)
CHAPTER VII COMMISSION AGENCY
Article 101 (Definition)
Article 102 (Status of Commission Agent)
Article 103 (Ownership of Goods Consigned)
Article 104 (Duty to Notify Sale or Purchase and to Submit Statement of Account)
Article 105 (Liability of Commission Agent to Secure Performance)
Article 106 (Duty to Observe Designated Price)
Article 107 (Right to Intervention)
Article 108 (Effect of Damage or Defects, etc. in Consigned Goods)
Article 109 (Right to Place Goods in Public Depository or on Auction)
Article 110 (In Case Consignor of Purchase is Merchant)
Article 111 (Applicable Provisions)
Article 112 (Application of Provisions concerning Mandate)
Article 113 (Quasi-Commission Agent)
CHAPTER VIII FORWARDING AGENCY
Article 114 (Definition)
Article 115 (Liability for Damages)
Article 116 (Right to Intervention)
Article 117 (Subrogation of Successive Forwarding Agents)
Article 118 (Acquisition of Carrier's Rights)
Article 119 (Right to Demand Remuneration)
Article 120 (Lien)
Article 121 (Prescription for Liability of Forwarding Agent)
Article 122 (Prescription for Claim of Forwarding Agent)
Article 123 (Applicable Provisions)
Article 124 (Idem)
CHAPTER IX CARRIAGE
Article 125 (Definition)
Section 1 Carriage of Goods
Article 126 (Freight Details)
Article 127 (Liability for False Entry in Freight Details)
Article 128 (Issuance of Way Bill)
Article 129 (Exchangeability of Way Bill)
Article 130 (Way Bill as Instrument to Order)
Article 131 (Way Bill-Effect of Stipulations of Bill)
Article 132 (Way Bill-Disposition of Goods)
Article 133 (Effect of Way Bill Delivery)
Article 134 (Loss of Goods and Freight)
Article 135 (Liability for Damages)
Article 136 (Liability for Valuables)
Article 137 (Amount of Damages)
Article 138 (Joint and Several Liability and Right of Indemnification of Successive Carrier)
Article 139 (Right to Demand Disposition of Goods)
Article 140 (Status of Consignee)
Article 141 (Duty of Consignee)
Article 142 (Right to Deposit or to Refer to Auction in Case Consignee is Unknown)
Article 143 (In Case of Refusal of Receiving Goods or where Receiving is Impossible)
Article 144 (Public Notification)
Article 145 (Applicable Provisions)
Article 146 (Extinguishment of Carrier's Liability)
Article 147 (Applicable Provisions)
Section 2 Carriage of Passengers
Article 148 (Liability for Damages Sustained by Passenger)
Article 149 (Liability for Luggage Deposited to Carrier)
Article 150 (Liability for Luggage not Deposited to Carrier)
CHAPTER X PUBLIC ENTERTAINMENT BUSINESS
Article 151 (Definition)
Article 152 (Liability of Public Entertainment Businessman)
Article 153 (Liability for Valuables)
Article 154 (Prescription of Liability of Public Entertainment Businessman)
CHAPTER ? WAREHOUSING
Article 155 (Definition)
Article 156 (Issuance of Warehouse Receipt)
Article 157 (Applicable Provisions)
Article 158 (Demand of Warehouse Receipt concerning Portion of Goods Divided)
Article 159 (Pledge by Warehouse Receipt and Taking Part of Goods out of Warehouse)
Article 160 (Liability for Damages)
Article 161 (Right of Examination of Goods Bailed, Taking away Samples and Disposition for Preservation)
Article 162 (Right to Demand Storage Charges for Storage)
Article 163 (Period of Bailment)
Article 164 (Period of Bailment-Unavoidable Circumstances)
Article 165 (Applicable Provisions)
Article 166 (Prescription for Liability of Warehouseman)
Article 167 (Prescription for Claim of Warehouseman)
Article 168 (Applicable Provisions)
PART III COMPANIES
CHAPTER I COMMON PROVISIONS
Article 169 (Definition)
Article 170 (Kinds of Companies)
Article 171 (Company as Juristic Person and Domicile of Company)
Article 172 (Incorporation of Company)
Article 173 (Restriction on Legal Capacity)
Article 174 (Merger of Companies)
Article 175 (Idem-Incorporators)
Article 176 (Dissolution Order against Company)
Article 177 (Starting Point of Reckoning of Registration Period)
CHAPTER II PARTNERSHIP COMPANY
Section 1 Incorporation
Section 1 Incorporation
Section 1 Incorporation
Article 178 (Execution of Articles of Incorporation)
Article 179 (Absolute Particulars to Be Entered in Articles of Incorporation)
Article 180 (Registration of Incorporation)
Article 181 (Registration of Establishment of Branch Office)
Article 182 (Registration of Transfer of Principal Office and Branch Office)
Article 183 (Registration of Alterations)
Article 183-2 (Registration of Temporary Disposition, etc. for Business Management)
Article 184 (Action for Nullification or Revocation of Incorporation)
Article 185 (Action for Revocation of Incorporation by Creditors)
Article 186 (Exclusive Jurisdiction)
Article 187 (Public Notice of Filing of Action)
Article 188 (Combined Hearing of Actions)
Article 189 (Correction of Defects and Dismissal of Action)
Article 190 (Effect of Judgment)
Article 191 (Liability of Plaintiff who Lost)
Article 192 (Registration of Nullification or Revocation of Incorporation)
Article 193 (Effect of Judgment Affirming Nullification or Revocation of Incorporation)
Article 194 (Nullification or Revocation of Incorporation and Continuance of Company)
Section 2 Internal Relationship of a Company
Article 195 (Applicable Provisions)
Article 196 (Contribution of Claim Rights)
Article 197 (Transfer of Share)
Article 198 (Prohibition of Competitive Business by Members)
Article 199 (Self-Transactions of Members)
Article 200 (Right and Duty of Management of Affairs)
Article 200-2 (Authority of Agent for Business Management)
Article 201 (Managing Members)
Article 202 (Joint Managing Members)
Article 203 (Appointment and Removal of Manager)
Article 204 (Amendment of Articles of Incorporation)
Article 205 (Adjudication of Forfeiture of Power against Managing Member)
Article 206 (Applicable Provisions)
Section 3 External Relationship of a Company
Article 207 (Representation of Company)
Article 208 (Joint Representation)
Article 209 (Authorities of Representative Member)
Article 210 (Liability for Damages)
Article 211 (Representation in Legal Actions between Company and Members)
Article 212 (Liability of Members)
Article 213 (Liability of Incoming Member)
Article 214 (Defenses of Members)
Article 215 (Liability of Member by Estoppel)
Article 216 (Applicable Provisions)
Section 4 Retirement of Members
Article 217 (Member's Right to Retire from Company)
Article 218 (Reasons for Retirement of Members)
Article 219 (Notice of Succession of Rights at Death of Member)
Article 220 (Adjudication of Expulsion)
Article 221 (Settlement of Accounts between Expelled Member and Company)
Article 222 (Refundment of Share)
Article 223 (Seizure on Share)
Article 224 (Demand of Retirement of Member by Creditor who Seized Member's Share)
Article 225 (Liability of Retired Member)
Article 226 (Retired Member's Right to Demand Change in Corporate Name)
Section 5 Dissolution of Company
Article 227 (Reasons for Dissolution)
Article 228 (Registration of Dissolution)
Article 229 (Continuance of Company)
Article 230 (Resolution of Merger)
Article 231 Deleted.
Article 232 (Objections by Creditors)
Article 233 (Registration of Merger)
Article 234 (Taking Effect of Merger)
Article 235 (Effect of Merger)
Article 236 (Filing of Action for Nullification of Merger)
Article 237 (Applicable Provisions)
Article 238 (Registration of Nullification of Merger)
Article 239 (Final Judgment of Nullification and Reversion of Rights and Duties of Companies)
Article 240 (Applicable Provisions)
Article 241 (Demand for Dissolution by Members)
Article 242 (Change of Organization)
Article 243 (Registration of Change of Organization)
Article 244 (Liability of Person who Has Become Member with Limited Liability in Consequence of Change of Organization)
Section 6 Liquidation
Article 245 (Company in Process of Liquidation)
Article 246 (where Several Successors of Share Exist)
Article 247 (Voluntary Liquidation)
Article 248 (Voluntary Liquidation and Protection of Creditors)
Article 249 (Protection of Creditors who Have Seized Share)
Article 250 (Legal Liquidation)
Article 251 (Liquidator)
Article 252 (Liquidator Appointed by Court)
Article 253 (Registration of Liquidators)
Article 254 (Duties and Powers of Liquidators)
Article 255 (Representation of Company by Liquidator)
Article 256 (Duties of Liquidator)
Article 257 (Transfer of Business)
Article 258 (Impossibility of Full Satisfaction of Obligations and Demand for Contribution)
Article 259 (Performance of Obligations)
Article 260 (Distribution of Surplus Assets)
Article 261 (Removal of Liquidator)
Article 262 (Idem)
Article 263 (Termination of Duties of Liquidator)
Article 264 (Registration of Completion of Liquidation)
Article 265 (Mutatis Mutandis Applicable Provisions)
Article 266 (Preservation of Books and Documents)
Article 267 (Extinctive Prescription for Member's Liability)
CHAPTER III LIMITED PARTNERSHIP COMPANY
Article 268 (Organization of Company)
Article 269 (Applicable Provisions)
Article 270 (Absolute Particulars to Be Entered in Articles of Incorporation)
Article 271 (Matters to Be Registered)
Article 272 (Contribution by Member with Limited Liability)
Article 273 (Right and Duty of Management of Affairs)
Article 274 (Appointment and Dismissal of Manager)
Article 275 (Freedom of Engaging in Competitive Business by Member with Limited Liability)
Article 276 (Transfer of Share of Member with Limited Liability)
Article 277 (Right of Monitoring of Member with limited Liability)
Article 278 (Prohibition on Management and Representation by Member with Limited Liability)
Article 279 (Liability of Member with Limited Liability)
Article 280 (Liability in Case of Decrease in Contribution)
Article 281 (Liability of Member with Unlimited Liability by Estoppel)
Article 282 (Liability of Member whose Liability Has Been Changed)
Article 283 (Death of Member with Limited Liability)
Article 284 (Incompetency of Member with Limited Liability)
Article 285 (Dissolution and Continuance of Company)
Article 286 (Change of Organization)
Article 287 (Liquidator)
CHAPTER IV STOCK COMPANY
Section 1 Incorporation
Article 288 (Promoters)
Article 289 (Preparation of Articles of Incorporation, Absolute Particulars to be Entered Therein)
Article 290 (Particulars of Abnormal Incorporation)
Article 291 (Determination of Matters concerning Issuance of Shares at Time of Incorporation)
Article 292 (Authentication of Articles of Incorporation)
Article 293 (Subscription of Shares by Promoters)
Article 294 Deleted.
Article 295 (Payment of Subscription Price and Performance of Contribution in Kind in Promotion of Incorporation)
Article 296 (Appointment of Officers in Promotion of Incorporation)
Article 297 (Preparation of Minutes by Promoters)
Article 298 (Investigation and Reporting by Directors and Auditors, and Request for Appointment of Inspector)
Article 299 (Investigation and Reporting by Inspector)
Article 299-2 (Certification of Contribution in Kind, etc.)
Article 300 (Disposition of Alteration by Court)
Article 301 (Offering of Shares in Case of Subscriptive Incorporation)
Article 302 (Offer of Share Subscription and Particulars to Be Entered in Subscription Form)
Article 303 (Duties of Subscribers)
Article 304 (Notice or Peremptory Notice to Subscribers, etc.)
Article 305 (Payment of Subscription Price for Shares)
Article 306 (Change of Depository, etc. of Payment)
Article 307 (Procedures for Forfeiture of Subscriber's Rights)
Article 308 (Inaugural General Meeting)
Article 309 (Resolutions at Inaugural General Meeting)
Article 310 (Investigation in Case of Abnormal Incorporation)
Article 311 (Reporting by Promoters)
Article 312 (Election of Officers)
Article 313 (Investigation and Reporting by Directors and Auditors)
Article 314 (Alteration of Matters concerning Abnormal Incorporation)
Article 315 (Claim for Damages against Promoters)
Article 316 (Resolutions of Amending Articles of Incorporation and Abandoning Incorporation)
Article 317 (Registration of Incorporation)
Article 318 (Certification and Liability by Depository for Subscription Price Paid in)
Article 319 (Transfer of Rights Deriving from Share Subscription)
Article 320 (Restrictions on Asserting Nullity or Revocation of Share Subscription)
Article 321 (Promoter's Warranty Liability for Subscription and Payment)
Article 322 (Promoter's Liability for Damages)
Article 323 (Joint and Several Liability of Promoters and Officers)
Article 324 (Release of Promoter's Liability and Derivative Suits by Shareholders)
Article 325 (Inspector's Liability for Damage)
Article 326 (Promoter's Liability where Company Fails to Come into Existence)
Article 327 (Liability of Self-styled Promoter)
Article 328 (Action for Nullity of Incorporation)
Section 2 Shares
Sub-Section 1 Shares and Share Certificates
Article 329 (Formation of Capital and Par Value per Share)
Article 329-2 (Share Split)
Article 330 (Restrictions on Issuance of Share below Par)
Article 331 (Liability of Shareholder)
Article 332 (Liability of Person who Subscribed for Shares in Fictitious Name or in Other Person's Name)
Article 333 (Co-ownership of Shares)
Article 334 (Prohibition of Set-off by Shareholder against Company)
Article 335 (Transferability of Shares)
Article 335-2 (Request for Approval of Transfer)
Article 335-3 (Request for Designation of Alternative Transferee)
Article 335-4 (Claim for Sale by Designated Transferee)
Article 335-5 (Determination of Sale Price)
Article 335-6 (Appraisal Rights of Shareholders)
Article 335-7 (Request for Approval by Transferee of Shares)
Article 336 (Method of Transfer of Shares)
Article 337 (Requirements for Setting up of Transfer of Registered Shares against Company)
Article 338 (Pledging of Registered Shares)
Article 339 (Subrogation of Pledge)
Article 340 (Registered Pledge on Registered Shares)
Article 340-2 (Stock Option)
Article 340-3 (Granting Stock Option)
Article 340-4 (Exercise of Stock Option)
Article 340-5 (Applicable Provisions)
Article 341 (Acquisition of Company's Own Shares)
Article 341-2 (Acquisition of Company‘s Own Shares for Granting Stock Option)
Article 341-3 (Creation of Pledge on Company's Own Shares)
Article 342 (Disposition of Company's Own Shares)
Article 342-2 (Acquisition of Parent Company's Shares by Subsidiary Company)
Article 342-3 (Acquisition of Another Company's Shares)
Article 343 (Retirement of Shares)
Article 343-2 (Retirement of Shares by Resolution of General Meeting)
Article 344 (Different Classes of Shares)
Article 345 (Redeemable Shares)
Article 346 (Issuance of Convertible Shares)
Article 347 (Procedures of Issuance of Convertible Shares)
Article 348 (Issue Price of Shares to be Issued in Consequence of Conversion)
Article 349 (Demand of Conversion)
Article 350 (Taking Effect of Conversion)
Article 351 (Registration of Conversion)
Article 352 (Particulars to Be Entered in Register of Shareholders)
Article 353 (Effect of Register of Shareholders)
Article 354 (Closure of Register of Shareholders and Record Date)
Article 355 (Time to Issue Share Certificates)
Article 356 (Particulars to Be Entered in Share Certificates)
Article 357 (Issuance of Bearer Share Certificates)
Article 358 (Exercise of Rights by Shareholders Holding Bearer Share Certificates)
Article 358-2 (Non-bearing of Share Certificates)
Article 359 (Bona Fide Acquisition of Share Certificates)
Article 360 (Judgment of Nullification and Re-issuance of Share Certificates)
Sub-Section 2 All-inclusive Share Swap
Article 360-2 (Incorporation of Complete Parent Company by All-inclusive Transfer of Shares)
Article 360-3 (Preparation of Contract for Share Swap and Approval of Shareholders' General Meeting)
Article 360-4 (Public Notification of Share Swap Contract)
Article 360-5 (Appraisal Right of Opposing Shareholders)
Article 360-6 (Transfer of Treasury Shares Substituting Issue of New Shares)
Article 360-7 (Maximum Limit of Capital Increase of Complete Parent Company)
Article 360-8 (Procedures for Invalidation of Share Certificates)
Article 360-9 (Simplified Share Swap)
Article 360-10 (Small-Scale Share Swap)
Article 360-11 (Mutatis Mutandis Application of Regulations for Fractional Shares)
Article 360-12 (Post Public Notice of Documents Carrying Matters on Share Swap)
Article 360-13 (Tenure of Director and Auditor of Complete Parent Company)
Article 360-14 (Litigation over Invalidity of Share Swap)
Sub-Section 3 All-inclusive Transfer of Shares
Article 360-15 (Establishment of Complete Parent Company due to Allinclusive Share Transfer)
Article 360-16 (Approval of Share Transfer by Shareholders' General Meeting)
Article 360-17 (Public Notice of Documents Such as Plans for Share Transfer, etc.)
Article 360-18 (Limit of Equity Capital of Complete Parent Company)
Article 360-19 (Procedures for Invalidation of Share Certificates)
Article 360-20 (Registration due to Share Transfer)
Article 360-21 (Effective Period of Share Transfer)
Article 360-22 (Mutatis Mutandis Application of Share Transfer Provisions)
Article 360-23 (Litigation over Invalidity of Share Transfer)
Section 3 Organs of Company
Sub-Section 1 General Shareholders' Meeting
Article 361 (Power of General Shareholders' Meeting)
Article 362 (Decision of Convocation)
Article 363 (Notice and Public Notice of Convocation)
Article 363-2 (Shareholders' Right to Make Proposal)
Article 364 (Place of Convocation)
Article 365 (Convocation of General Meeting)
Article 366 (Demand for Convocation by Minority Shareholders)
Article 366-2 (Maintenance of Order at General Meeting)
Article 367 (Appointment of Inspector)
Article 368 (Method of Adopting Resolutions and Exercise of Voting Rights)
Article 368-2 (Exercise of Vote in Disunity)
Article 368-3 (Exercise of Voting Right in Writing)
Article 369 (Votes)
Article 370 (Non-voting Shares)
Article 371 (Computation of Quorum and Number of Votes)
Article 372 (Resolution to Postpone or Continue General Meeting)
Article 373 (Minutes of General Meeting)
Article 374 (Transfer, Takeover or Lease of Business)
Article 374-2 (Appraisal Rights of Dissenting Shareholders)
Article 375 (Ex Post Facto Incorporation)
Article 376 (Action for Revocation of Resolution)
Article 377 (Duty to Furnish Security of Shareholder Filing Action)
Article 378 (Registration of Revocation of Resolution)
Article 379 (Dismissal of Action by Court at Discretion)
Article 380 (Action for Affirming Nullity and Non-existence of Resolution)
Article 381 (Action for Revocation or Alteration of Improper Resolution)
Sub-Section 2 Directors and Board of Directors
Article 382 (Appointment of Directors, Relationship with Company and Outside Directors)
Article 382-2 (Concentrated Vote)
Article 382-3 (Duties of Directors to be Faithful)
Article 382-4 (Duties of Directors to Keep Secret)
Article 383 (Number, Term of Office)
Article 384 Deleted.
Article 385 (Removal)
Article 386 (Vacancy)
Article 387 (Qualification Shares)
Article 388 (Remuneration for Director)
Article 389 (Representative Director)
Article 390 (Convocation of Board Meeting)
Article 391 (Method of Resolution by Board of Directors)
Article 391-2 (Auditor's Power to Attend Board of Directors and State Opinion)
Article 391-3 (Minutes of Board of Directors)
Article 392 (Postponement and Continuation of Board of Directors)
Article 393 (Authorities of Board of Directors)
Article 393-2 (Committees of Board of Directors)
Article 394 (Representation in Action between Company and Directors)
Article 395 (Acts of Apparent Representative Director and Liability of Company)
Article 396 (Obligation to Keep Articles of Incorporation, etc. and Open to Public Access)
Article 397 (Prohibition of Competitive Business)
Article 398 (Transaction between Director and Company)
Article 399 (Liability to Company)
Article 400 (Release of Liability to Company)
Article 401 (Liability to Third Persons)
Article 401-2 (Liability of Person who Instructs Another Person to Conduct Business)
Article 402 (Right to Injunction)
Article 403 (Derivative Suit by Shareholders)
Article 404 (Derivative Suit and Intervention, Notice of Action)
Article 405 (Rights and Duties of Shareholder Filing Action)
Article 406 (Derivative Suit and Action for Retrial)
Article 407 (Suspension of Exercise of Duties and Appointment of Acting Directors)
Article 408 (Powers of Acting Director)
Sub-Section 3 Auditors and Audit Committee
Article 409 (Election)
Article 409-2 (Right to State Opinion in Removal of Auditor)
Article 410 (Term of Office)
Article 411 (Prohibition of Concurrently Assuming Offices)
Article 412 (Duty and Authority to Demand Reporting and to Investigate)
Article 412-2 (Director's Duty of Reporting)
Article 412-3 (Request for Convocation of General Meeting)
Article 412-4 (Authority to Investigate Subsidiary Company)
Article 413 (Duty to Examine and Report)
Article 413-2 (Preparation of Audit Record)
Article 414 (Liability of Auditor)
Article 415 (Provisions Applicable Mutatis Mutandis)
Article 415-2 (Audit Committee)
Section 4 Issuance of New Shares
Article 416 (Determination of Particulars for Issuance)
Article 417 (Issuance of Shares at Price below Par)
Article 418 (Contents of Preemptive Rights, Designation and Public Notice of Record Date for Allotment)
Article 419 (Peremptory Notice to Holders of Preemptive Rights)
Article 420 (Subscription Form for Shares)
Article 420-2 (Issuance of Certificates of Preemptive Rights)
Article 420-3 (Transfer of Preemptive Rights)
Article 420-4 (Application for Subscription by Certificates of Preemptive Rights)
Article 421 (Payment for New Shares)
Article 422 (Investigation on Contribution in Kind)
Article 423 (Time to Become Shareholder, Effect of Failure of Payment)
Article 424 (Right to Injunction)
Article 424-2 (Liability of Subscriber of Shares at Unfair Price)
Article 425 (Applicable Provisions)
Article 426 (Registration of Amount Yet to Be Amortized)
Article 427 (Restrictions on Assertion of Nullification or Revocation of Subscription)
Article 428 (Director's Warranty Liability for Subscription)
Article 429 (Action for Nullification of Issuance of New Share)
Article 430 (Applicable Provisions)
Article 431 (Effect of Judgment Nullifying Issuance of New Shares)
Article 432 (Judgment of Nullification and Refund to Shareholders)
Section 5 Amendment of Articles of Incorporation
Article 433 (Method of Amendment of Articles of Incorporation)
Article 434 (Special Resolution for Amendment of Articles of Incorporation)
Article 435 (General Meeting of Shareholders of Certain Class of Shares)
Article 436 (Idem-General Meeting of Shareholders of Certain Class of Shares)
Article 437 Deleted.
Section 6 Reduction of Capital
Article 438 (Resolution for Reduction of Capital)
Article 439 (Method of Reduction of Capital, its Procedures)
Article 440 (Procedures of Consolidation of Shares)
Article 441 (Idem-Procedures of Consolidation of Shares)
Article 442 (Delivery of New Share Certificates)
Article 443 (Disposition of Fractional Shares)
Article 444 (Idem-Disposition of Fractional Shares)
Article 445 (Action for Nullifying Reduction of Capital)
Article 446 (Applicable Provisions)
Section 7 Accounting of Company
Article 447 (Preparation of Financial Statements)
Article 447-2 (Preparation of Business Report)
Article 447-3 (Submission of Financial Statement)
Article 447-4 (Audit Report)
Article 448 (Keeping and Public Inspection of Financial Statements, etc.)
Article 449 (Approval and Public Notice of Financial statements, etc.)
Article 450 (Release of Liability of Directors and Auditors)
Article 451 (Capital)
Article 452 (Method for Valuation of Assets)
Article 453 (Account of Organization Cost)
Article 453-2 (Account of Pre-operating Cost)
Article 454 (Account of New Share Issue Cost)
Article 455 (Account of Discount on Share Issuance)
Article 456 (Account of Discount on Bonds)
Article 457 (Account of Accrued Interest Dividend During Construction in Progress)
Article 457-2 (Account of Research and Development Cost)
Article 458 (Earned Surplus Reserve)
Article 459 (Capital Surplus Reserve)
Article 460 (Use of Legal Reserve)
Article 461 (Capitalization of Reserves)
Article 462 (Dividends)
Article 462-2 (Stock Dividends)
Article 462-3 (Interim Dividend)
Article 463 (Accrued Interest Dividend during Construction in Progress)
Article 464 (Standard for Distribution of Profits, etc.)
Article 464-2 (Time for Payment of Dividends)
Article 465 Deleted.
Article 466 (Shareholder's Right to Inspect Account Books)
Article 467 (Inspection on Affairs and Status of Company's Property)
Article 467-2 (Prohibition against Granting Pecuniary Benefit)
Article 468 (Right to Preferential Payment of Employee)
Section 8 Bonds
Sub-Section 1 Common Provisions
Article 469 (Offering of Bonds)
Article 470 (Limitation on Total Amount)
Article 471 (Restrictions on Offering of New Bonds)
Article 472 (Face Amount of Bond)
Article 473 (Restrictions on Redemption in Excess of Par Value)
Article 474 (Public Offering, Subscription Form for Bonds)
Article 475 (Subscription for All Bonds)
Article 476 (Payment)
Article 477 Deleted.
Article 478 (Issuance of Bond Certificates)
Article 479 (Transfer of Registered Bonds)
Article 480 (Exchange between registered Certificate and Bearer Certificate)
Article 481 (Resignation of Commissioned Company)
Article 482 (Removal of Commissioned Company)
Article 483 (Successor to Business of Commissioned Company)
Article 484 (Authority of Commissioned Company)
Article 485 (Authority and Duty in Case of Two or more Commissioned Company)
Article 486 (Lost Coupon)
Article 487 (Extinctive Prescription for Right to Demand Redemption)
Article 488 (Register of Bonds)
Article 489 (Applicable Provisions)
Sub-Section 2 Meetings of Bondholders
Article 490 (Matters Subject to Resolution)
Article 491 (Person Authorized to Convene)
Article 492 (Votes)
Article 493 (Attendance of Representative of Issuing or Commissioned Company)
Article 494 (Right to Demand Issuing Company to Make its Representative Attend)
Article 495 (Method of Resolution)
Article 496 (Application for Authorization of Resolution)
Article 497 (Reasons for Non-Authorization of Resolution)
Article 498 (Effect of Resolution)
Article 499 (Public Notice of Authorization or Non-Authorization of Resolution)
Article 500 (Representatives of Meeting of Bondholders)
Article 501 (Execution of Resolution)
Article 502 (Two or more Representatives of Meeting or Executors of Resolution)
Article 503 (Execution of Resolution relating to Redemption)
Article 504 (Removal of Representative of Meeting or Executor of Resolution, etc.)
Article 505 (Acceleration)
Article 506 (Public Notice and Notice of Acceleration)
Article 507 (Remuneration and Expenses for Commissioned Company)
Article 508 (Expenses relating to Meetings of Bondholders)
Article 509 (Meetings of Certain Classes of Bondholders)
Article 510 (Applicable Provisions)
Article 511 (Action for Revocation by Commissioned Company)
Article 512 (Action for Revocation by Representative, etc.)
Sub-Section 3 Convertible Bonds
Article 513 (Issuance of Convertible Bonds)
Article 513-2 (Rights of Shareholders Entitled to Subscribe for Convertible Bonds)
Article 513-3 (Peremptory Notice to Shareholders Having Right to Subscribe for Convertible Bonds)
Article 514 (Procedures for Issuance of Convertible Bonds)
Article 514-2 (Registration of Convertible Bonds)
Article 515 (Demand for Conversion)
Article 516 (Applicable Provisions)
Sub-Section 4 Bonds with Warrants
Article 516-2 (Issuance of Bonds with Warrants)
Article 516-3 (Peremptory Notice to Shareholders Having Right to Subscribe for Bonds with Warrants)
Article 516-4 (Particulars to Be Entered in Subscription Form for Bonds, Bond Certificates and Register of Bonds)
Article 516-5 (Issuance of Certificates of Warrants)
Article 516-6 (Transfer of Warrant Rights)
Article 516-7 (Registration of Bonds with Warrants)
Article 516-8 (Exercise of Warrant Rights)
Article 516-9 (Time of Becoming Shareholder)
Article 516-10 (Applicable Provisions)
Section 9 Dissolution
Article 517 (Reasons for Dissolution)
Article 518 (Resolution for Dissolution)
Article 519 (Continuance of Company)
Article 520 (Judgment for Dissolution)
Article 520-2 (Dissolution of Dormant Company)
Article 521 (Notice and Public Notice of Dissolution)
Article 521-2 (Provisions to be Applied Mutatis Mutandis)
Section 10 Merger
Article 522 (Written Agreement of Merger and Resolution of Approval)
Article 522-2 (Public Notice of Written Agreement of Merger)
Article 522-3 (Appraisal Rights of Shareholders Dissenting Merger)
Article 523 (Written Agreement of Merger)
Article 524 (Written Agreement of Consolidation)
Article 525 (Written Agreement of Merger of Partnership Company or Limited Partnership Company)
Article 526 (General Meeting for Reporting in Case of Merger)
Article 527 (Inaugural General Meeting in Case of Consolidation)
Article 527-2 (Simplified Merger)
Article 527-3 (Small-Scale Merger)
Article 527-4 (Terms of Office of Director and Auditor)
Article 527-5 (Procedures for Protection of Creditors)
Article 527-6 (Ex Post Facto Notice of Documents on Merger)
Article 528 (Registration of Merger)
Article 529 (Action for Nullification of Merger)
Article 530 (Applicable Provisions)
Section 11 Division of Company
Article 530-2 (Division and Merger through Division of Company)
Article 530-3 (Approval for Division Plan and Written Agreement of Merger through Division)
Article 530-4 (Incorporation of Company by Division)
Article 530-5 (Entries in Division Plan)
Article 530-6 (Entries in Written Agreement of Merger through Division)
Article 530-7 (Public Notice of Division Balance Sheet)
Article 530-8 (Account concerning Division and Merger through Division)
Article 530-9 (Liability of Company after Division and Merger through Division)
Article 530-10 (Effect of Division or Merger through Division)
Article 530-11 (Provisions to be Applied Mutatis Mutandis)
Article 530-12 (Real Division)
Section 12 Liquidation
Article 531 (Appointment of Liquidators)
Article 532 (Liquidator's Report)
Article 533 (Liquidator's Duty to Investigate Company's Property and to Report)
Article 534 (Submission, Audit, Disclosure and Approval of Balance Sheet, Business Report and Supplementary Schedules)
Article 535 (Peremptory Notice to Creditors)
Article 536 (Discharge Within Period for Presenting Claims)
Article 537 (Discharge to Excluded Creditors)
Article 538 (Distribution of Surplus Assets)
Article 539 (Removal of Liquidator)
Article 540 (Completion of Liquidation)
Article 541 (Preservation of Documents)
Article 542 (Applicable Provisions)
Section 13 Special Cases for Listed Companies
Article 542-2 (Scope of Application)
Article 542-3 (Stock Option)
Article 542-4 (Public Notification of Convocation of General Meeting of Stockholders)
Article 542-5 (Method of Appointment of Directors or Auditors)
Article 542-6 (Minority Shareholders' Rights)
Article 542-7 (Special Cases concerning Concentrated Vote)
Article 542-8 (Appointment of Outside Directors)
Article 542-9 (Transactions with Interested Persons Including Major Shareholders)
Article 542-10 (Full-time Auditors)
Article 542-11 (Audit Committee)
Article 542-12 (Constitution of Audit Committee, etc.)
CHAPTER V LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY
Section 1 Incorporation
Article 543 (Preparation of Articles of Incorporation and Absolute Particulars to be Entered Therein)
Article 544 (Particulars concerning Abnormal Incorporation)
Article 545 (Limit on Total Number of Members)
Article 546 (Limit Action on Total Amount of Capital and Amount of Each Contribution Unit)
Article 547 (Appointment of First Directors)
Article 548 (Payment for Contribution)
Article 549 (Registration of Incorporation)
Article 550 (Liability of Members as of Incorporation concerning Contribution in Kind)
Article 551 (Liability of Members as of Incorporation concerning Unpaid Amount of Contribution)
Article 552 (Action for Nullification or Revocation of Incorporation)
Section 2 Rights and Duties of Members
Article 553 (Liability of Member)
Article 554 (Share of Member)
Article 555 (Instruments of Share)
Article 556 (Transfer of Share)
Article 557 (Requirement for Asserting Transfer of Share against Company and Third Person)
Article 558 (Common Ownership of Share)
Article 559 (Pledging of Share)
Article 560 (Provisions Applicable Mutatis Mutandis)
Section 3 Management of Company
Article 561 (Directors)
Article 562 (Representation of Company)
Article 563 (Representative in Action between Director and Company)
Article 564 (Determination on Management of Business, Transactions between Director and Company)
Article 564-2 (Right to Injunction)
Article 565 (Derivate Suits by Members)
Article 566 (Keeping and Perusal of Documents)
Article 567 (Provisions Applicable Mutatis Mutandis)
Article 568 (Auditors)
Article 569 (Auditor's Authority)
Article 570 (Provisions Applicable Mutatis Mutandis)
Article 571 (Convocation of General Members' Meeting)
Article 572 (Demand for Convocation of General Meeting by Minority Members)
Article 573 (Omission of Convocation Procedures)
Article 574 (Quorum of General Meeting and Method of Resolution)
Article 575 (Member's Right to Vote)
Article 576 (Transfer of Business and Ex Post Facto Incorporation)
Article 577 (Resolution in Writing)
Article 578 (Provisions Applicable Mutatis Mutandis)
Article 579 (Preparation of Financial Statements)
Article 579-2 (Preparation of Business Report)
Article 579-3 (Keeping and Public Notice of Financial Statements)
Article 580 (Standard for Dividend)
Article 581 (Member's Right to Peruse Account Books)
Article 582 (Inspection of Business Affairs and Status of Property)
Article 583 (Provisions Applicable Mutatis and Mutandis)
Section 4 Amendment of Articles of Incorporation
Article 584 (Method of Amendment of Articles of Incorporation)
Article 585 (Special Resolution for Amendment of Articles of Incorporation)
Article 586 (Resolution for Capital Increase)
Article 587 (Granting of Preemptive Right in Case of Capital Increase)
Article 588 (Member's Preemptive Right to Capital Contribution)
Article 589 (Method of Subscription for Capital Contribution)
Article 590 (Status of New Subscriber of Contribution)
Article 591 (Registration of Capital Increase)
Article 592 (Effectuation of Capital Increase)
Article 593 (Member's Liability concerning Contribution in Kind)
Article 594 (Liability of Directors, etc. concerning Unsubscribed Capital Contributions, etc.)
Article 595 (Action for Nullifying Capital Increase)
Article 596 (Applicable Provisions)
Article 597 (Applicable Provisions)
Section 5 Merger and Change of Organization
Article 598 (Method of Merger)
Article 599 (Appointment of Members of Organizing Committee)
Article 600 (Merger of Limited Liability Company and Stock Company)
Article 601 (Subrogation)
Article 602 (Registration of Merger)
Article 603 (Applicable Provisions)
Article 604 (Change of Organization of Stock Company to Limited Liability Company)
Article 605 (Liability of Directors and Shareholders for Shortage in Amount of Net Assets)
Article 606 (Registration of Change of Organization)
Article 607 (Change of Organization of Limited Liability Company to Stock Company)
Article 608 (Applicable Provisions)
Section 6 Dissolution and Liquidation
Article 609 (Reasons for Dissolution)
Article 610 (Continuance of Company)
Article 611 (Applicable Provisions)
Article 612 (Distribution of Surplus Assets)
Article 613 (Applicable Provisions)
CHAPTER VI FOREIGN COMPANIES
Article 614 (Appointment of Representative, Establishment of Business Office and Registrations thereof)
Article 615 (Starting Point of Reckoning of Registration Period)
Article 616 (Prohibition of Conducting Continuous Transactions before Registration)
Article 617 (Applicable Laws)
Article 618 (Applicable Provisions)
Article 619 (Order to Close Business Office)
Article 620 (Liquidation of Properties Existing in Republic of Korea)
Article 621 (Status of Foreign Company)
CHAPTER VII PENAL PROVISIONS
Article 622 (Crimes of Special Misappropriation by Promoters, Directors, and Other Officers, etc.)
Article 623 (Crimes of Special Misappropriation by Representatives of Meeting of Bondholders, etc.)
Article 624 (Attempted Crimes of Special Misappropriation)
Article 624-2 (Crimes of Violating Provisions concerning Transactions with Interested Persons Including Major Shareholders)
Article 625 (Crimes of Endangering Company's Property)
Article 625-2 (Crimes of Violating Share Acquisition Restriction, etc.)
Article 626 (Crimes of False Reporting)
Article 627 (Crimes of Using Documents Containing Misstatements)
Article 628 (Crimes of Disguised Payment)
Article 629 (Crimes of Excessive Issuance)
Article 630 (Crimes of Corruption in Office by Promoters, Directors or Other Officers)
Article 631 (Crimes of Bribery in Relation to Disturbing Exercise of Rights, etc.)
Article 632 (Concurrent Imposition of Imprisonment and Fine)
Article 633 (Confiscation and Additional Collection)
Article 634 (Crimes of Evading Liability for Payment on Shares)
Article 634-2 (Crimes of Granting Benefits in Connection with Exercise of Shareholder's Rights)
Article 634-3 (Joint Penal Provisions)
Article 635 (Offences Subject to Fine for Negligence)
Article 636 (Business in Name of Company prior to its Registration, etc.)
Article 637 (Application of Penal Provisions to Juristic Person)
Article 637-2 (Imposition and Collection of Fine for Negligence)
PART IV INSURANCE
CHAPTER I COMMON PROVISIONS
Article 638 (Definition)
Article 638-2 (Effectuation of Insurance Contract)
Article 638-3 (Obligation to Deliver and specify Standard Insurance Terms)
Article 639 (Insurance for Benefit of Third Party)
Article 640 (Delivery of Insurance Policy)
Article 641 (Effect of Objection Agreement in respect of Insurance Certificate)
Article 642 (Demand for Reissuance of Insurance Certificate)
Article 643 (Retroactive Insurance)
Article 644 (Effect of Preexisting Insured Events)
Article 645 Deleted.
Article 646 (Effect of Facts Known to Agent)
Article 647 (Request for Reduction of Premium upon Cessation of Certain Risks)
Article 648 (Request for Return of Premium upon Nullifying of Insurance Contract)
Article 649 (Voluntary Termination of Contract Prior to Occurrence of Insured Events)
Article 650 (Effect of Payment and Delay of Premium)
Article 650-2 (Reinstatement of Insurance Contract)
Article 651 (Termination of Contract due to Breach of Duty of Disclosure)
Article 651-2 (Effect of Question in Writing)
Article 652 (Notice on Alteration or Increase of Risks and Termination of Contract)
Article 653 (Increases of Risks due to Intention or Gross Negligence of Policyholder, etc. and Termination of Contract)
Article 654 (Adjudication of Insurer's Bankruptcy and Prospective Termination of Contract)
Article 655 (Termination of Contract and Right to Demand Insured Amount)
Article 656 (Payment of Premium and Commencement of Liability of Insurer)
Article 657 (Duty to Notify Occurrence of Insured Events)
Article 658 (Payment of Insured Amount)
Article 659 (Reasons for Exemption of Liability)
Article 660 (Exemption of Liability for Loss Caused by War, etc.)
Article 661 (Reinsurance)
Article 662 (Extinctive Prescription)
Article 663 (Prohibition of Entering Special Agreement which is Disadvantageous to Policyholder, etc.)
Article 664 (Applicable Provisions)
CHAPTER II NON-LIFE INSURANCE
Section 1 Common Provisions
Section 1 Common Provisions
Section 1 Common Provisions
Article 665 (Liability of Insurer of Non-Life Insurance)
Article 666 (Non-Life Insurance Certificate)
Article 667 (Non-Inclusion of Lost Profits, etc.)
Article 668 (Subject-Matters of Insurance Contract)
Article 669 (Over-Insurance)
Article 670 (Agreed Upon Valued Policy)
Article 671 (Unvalued Policy)
Article 672 (Double Insurance)
Article 673 (Double Insurance and Waiver of Right against One of Double Insurers)
Article 674 (Partial Insurance)
Article 675 (Liability for Indemnification in Case of Destruction of SubjectMatter after Occurrence of Insured Events)
Article 676 (Basis for Determination of Amount of Loss)
Article 677 (Deduction of Unpaid Premium from Indemnity)
Article 678 (Exemption of Liability for Indemnification)
Article 679 (Assignment of Subject-Matter of Insurance)
Article 680 (Duty to prevent Loss)
Article 681 (Subrogation by Insurer concerning Subject-Matter of Insurance)
Article 682 (Subrogation by Insurer regarding Third Person)
Section 2 Fire Insurance
Article 683 (Liability of Insurer of Fire Insurance)
Article 684 (Indemnification for Loss caused by Measures such as Fire Extinguishing, etc.)
Article 685 (Fire Insurance Certificate)
Article 686 (Subject-Matter of Aggregate Goods Insurance)
Article 687 (Idem)
Section 3 Transport Insurance
Article 688 (Liability of Insurer of Transport Insurance)
Article 689 (Insurable Value of Transport Insurance)
Article 690 (Transport Insurance Certificate)
Article 691 (Interruption or Alteration of Carriage and Effect of Contract)
Article 692 (Intention or Gross Negligence of Carriage Assistant and Exemption of Insurer's Liability)
Section 4 Marine Insurance
Article 693 (Liability of Insurer of Marine Insurance)
Article 694 (Indemnification of General Average Contribution)
Article 694-2 (Indemnification for Salvage)
Article 694-3 (indemnification for Special Expenses)
Article 695 (Marine Insurance Certificate)
Article 696 (Insurable Value and Subject-Matter of Ship Insurance)
Article 697 (Insurable Value of Cargo Insurance)
Article 698 (Insurable Value of Prospective Profit Insurance)
Article 699 (Commencement of Cover Period of Marine Insurance)
Article 700 (Termination of Cover Period of Marine Insurance)
Article 701 (Effect of Change of Voyage)
Article 701-2 (Deviation from Course)
Article 702 (Effect of Delay in Departure or Voyage)
Article 703 (Effect of Change of Ship)
Article 703-2 (Effect of Transfer, etc. of Ship)
Article 704 (Floating Cargo Insurance of Undetermined Ship)
Article 705 Deleted.
Article 706 (Exemption of Marine Insurer's Liability)
Article 707 Deleted.
Article 707-2 (Indemnification for Partial Loss of Ship)
Article 708 (Indemnification for Partial Damage of Cargo)
Article 709 (Indemnification for Damage due to Sale of Cargo)
Article 710 (Causes for Abandonment)
Article 711 (Missing Ship)
Article 712 (Continued Carriage of Cargo by Another Ship and Extinction of Right of Abandonment)
Article 713 (Notice of Abandonment)
Article 714 (Requisites for Exercise of Right of Abandonment)
Article 715 (Notice of Other Insurance Contract, etc.)
Article 716 (Approval of Abandonment)
Article 717 (Refusal of Abandonment)
Article 718 (Effect of Abandonment)
Section 5 Liability Insurance
Article 719 (Liability of Insurer of Liability Insurance)
Article 720 (Bearing Expenses Defrayed by Insured to Defend Himself)
Article 721 (Subject-Matter of Business Liability Insurance)
Article 722 (Duty of the Insured to Notify Risk)
Article 723 (Notice of Payment, etc. by Insured and Payment of Insured Amount)
Article 724 (Relations between Insurer and Third Person)
Article 725 (Liability Insurance of Custodian)
Article 725-2 (Several Liability Insurance)
Article 726 (Application to Reinsurance)
Section 6 Automobile Insurance
Article 726-2 (Liability of Insurer of Automobile Insurance)
Article 726-3 (Automobile Insurance Certificate)
Article 726-4 (Transfer of Automobile)
CHAPTER III PERSONAL INSURANCE
Section 1 Common Provisions
Section 1 Common Provisions
Article 727 (Liability of Insurer of Personal Insurance)
Article 728 (Personal Insurance Certificate)
Article 729 (Prohibition of Subrogation by Insurer against Third Persons)
Section 2 Life Insurance
Article 730 (Liability of Insurer in Life Insurance)
Article 731 (Life Insurance Contract for Third Person)
Article 732 (Prohibition of Insurance Contract for Those under 15 Years of Age, etc.)
Article 732-2 (Insurance Risks caused by Gross Negligence)
Article 733 (Right to Designate or Change Beneficiary)
Article 734 (Notification of Right to Designate Beneficiary of Insurance, etc.)
Article 735 (Endowment Insurance)
Article 735-2 (Annuity Insurance)
Article 735-3 (Group Insurance)
Article 736 (Duty to Return Accumulation for Insurance, etc.)
Section 3 Accident Insurance
Article 737 (Liability of Insurer of Accident Insurance)
Article 738 (Accident Insurance Certificate)
Article 739 (Provisions Applicable Mutatis Mutandis)
PART V MARINE COMMERCE
CHAPTER I MARINE COMMERCIAL ENTERPRISE
Section 1 Ship
Article 740 (Definition of Ship)
Article 741 (Scope of Application)
Article 742 (Accessories of Ship)
Article 743 (Transfer of Ownership of Ship)
Article 744 (Seizure or Provisional Seizure of Ship)
Section 2 Shipmaster
Article 745 (Appointment or Dismissal of Shipmaster)
Article 746 (Claim for Damages against Unjustifiable Dismissal of Shipmaster)
Article 747 (Responsibility of Shipmaster for Continuous Performance of His Duties)
Article 748 (Shipmaster's Authority of and Responsibility for Election of Acting Shipmaster)
Article 749 (Scope of Agency)
Article 750 (Authority on Special Conduct)
Article 751 (Restriction on Agency)
Article 752 (Disposal of Cargo for Interested Party)
Article 753 (Right of Auction of Ship)
Article 754 (Irreparability of Ship)
Article 755 (Duty of Reporting and Account)
Section 3 Co-ownership of Ship
Article 756 (Determination of Affair by Co-owners of Ship)
Article 757 (Co-ownership of Ship and Share of Expenses)
Article 758 (Profit and Loss Distribution)
Article 759 (Transfer of Share)
Article 760 (Loss of Nationality of Co-owned Ship and Purchase of Share or Request for Auction)
Article 761 (Claim for Purchase of Share of Opponent to Resolution)
Article 762 (Claim for Purchase of Share of Dismissed Shipmaster)
Article 763 (Transfer of Ship, etc. on Voyage)
Article 764 (Appointment and Registration of Administrator of Ship)
Article 765 (Authority of Administrator of Ship)
Article 766 (Restriction on Authority of Administrator of Ship)
Article 767 (Writing and Keeping of Book)
Article 768 (Report of Administrator of Ship and Approval Thereof)
Section 4 Limitation of Liability of Shipowner, etc.
Article 769 (Limited Liability of Shipowner)
Article 770 (Limit of Liability)
Article 771 (Deduction of Opposing Claim Amount due to Same Accident)
Article 772 (Tonnage of Ship for Limitation of Liability)
Article 773 (Exclusion of Limited Liability)
Article 774 (Scope of Persons Able to Limit Liability)
Article 775 (Limitation of Liability of Salvor)
Article 776 (Procedures of Limitation of Liability)
Section 5 Security in Ship
Article 777 (Claim with Lien on Ship)
Article 778 (Claims Incidental to Ship and Fares)
Article 779 (Lien on Freight)
Article 780 (Exclusion of Insurance Money, etc.)
Article 781 (Claim due to Employment Contract of Employee of Ship)
Article 782 (Order of Lien on Claim due to Same Navigation)
Article 783 (Order of Lien on Claims for Several Navigations)
Article 784 (Case of Competition of Lien in Same Order)
Article 785 (Overtaking Right of Lien)
Article 786 (Expiration of Lien)
Article 787 (Ship Mortgage)
Article 788 (Competition of Lien with Ship Mortgage, etc.)
Article 789 (Disapproval of Pledge of Ship Registered)
Article 790 (Mutatis Mutandis Application to Ship under Construction)
CHAPTER II TRANSPORT AND CHARTER
Section 1 Affreightment in General Ship
Section 1 Affreightment in General Ship
Section 1 Affreightment in General Ship
Article 791 (Meaning of Contract of Affreightment in General Ship)
Article 792 (Provision of Cargo)
Article 793 (Delivery of Documents Necessary for Transport)
Article 794 (Duty of Care for Seaworthiness)
Article 795 (Duty of Care for Freight)
Article 796 (Reason for Exemption from Liability of Carriers)
Article 797 (Limit of Liability)
Article 798 (Application to Non-Contractual Claim)
Article 799 (Prohibition of Reduction of Liability of Carrier)
Article 800 (Disposal of Unlawful Cargo Loaded)
Article 801 (Disposal of Dangerous Cargo)
Article 802 (Receipt of Cargo)
Article 803 (Deposit, etc. of Cargo)
Article 804 (Notice on Partial Loss of and Damage to Cargo)
Articles 805 (Freight according to Weight and Volume of Cargo)
Article 806 (Freight according to Period of Transport)
Article 807 (Duty of Consignee, Right of Detention of Shipmaster)
Article 808 (Right of Auction of Cargo of Carriers)
Article 809 (Liability of Shipowner when Transport Subcontract by Voyage Charterer, etc.)
Article 810 (Reasons of Termination of Transport Contract)
Article 811 (Cancellation, etc. by Legal Reason)
Article 812 (Force Majeure concerning Part of Cargo)
Article 813 (Disposal of Cargo by Shipmaster and Freight)
Article 814 (Termination of Claim and Obligation of Carriers)
Article 815 (Provisions Applicable Mutatis Mutandis)
Article 816 (Responsibility of Consolidated Carriers)
Section 2 Marine Passenger Transport
Article 817 (Meaning of Marine Passenger Transport Contract)
Article 818 (Registered Passenger Ticket)
Article 819 (Duty of Provision of Meal and Accommodation)
Article 820 (Duty of Free Transport of Luggage)
Article 821 (Delay in Boarding Ship and Shipmaster's Right of Departure)
Article 822 (Cancellation of Contract by Passengers and Fare)
Article 823 (Cancellation of Contract by Legal Reasons)
Article 824 (Duty of Disposal of Luggage of Dead Passengers)
Article 825 (Legal Reasons of Termination)
Article 826 (Provisions Applicable Mutatis Mutandis)
Section 3 Voyage Charter
Article 827 (Meaning of Voyage Charter)
Article 828 (Written Charter Contract)
Article 829 (Notice of Completion of Preparation of Loading and Loading Period)
Article 830 (Notice and Shipment in Cases Where Third Party is Shipper)
Article 831 (Right of Request for Departure of Charterer and Right of Departure of Shipmaster)
Article 832 (Cancellation of Contract before Departure of Whole Charter, etc.)
Article 833 (Partial Charter and Cancellation of Contract before Departure, etc.)
Article 834 (Payment Obligation of Incidental Expense, Substitute Payment, etc.)
Article 835 (Burden of Loading and Unloading Expenses)
Article 836 (Effect of Non-Loading within Loading Period)
Article 837 (Termination of Contract after Departure)
Article 838 (Unloading of Cargo)
Article 839 (Prohibition of Reduction of Responsibility of Shipowner)
Article 840 (Termination of Claim and Obligation of Shipowner)
Article 841 (Provisions Applicable Mutatis Mutandis)
Section 4 Time Charter
Article 842 (Meaning of Time Charter)
Article 843 (Right to Command Shipmaster by Time Charterer)
Article 844 (Right of Retention and Right of Auction for Cargo of Shipowner)
Article 845 (Arrears in Charterage and Termination of Contract, etc.)
Article 846 (Expiration of Claim of Time Charter)
Section 5 Bareboat Charter
Article 847 (Meaning of Bareboat Charter)
Article 848 (Legal Nature)
Article 849 (Claim for Registration of Bareboat Charterer and Effect of Registration)
Article 850 (Bareboat Charter and Legal Relations to Third Party)
Article 851 (Termination of Claim on Bareboat Charter)
Section 6 Seaway Bill
Article 852 (Issuance of Bill of Lading)
Article 853 (Matters to be Stated in Bill of Lading)
Article 854 (Effect of Statement in Bill of Lading)
Article 855 (Charter Party and Bill of Lading)
Article 856 (Delivery of Certified Transcript)
Article 857 (Multiple Copies of Bill of Lading and Delivery of Cargo at Port of Unloading)
Article 858 (Multiple Copies of Bill of Lading and Delivery of Cargo at Place Other than Unloading Port)
Article 859 (Request for Delivery of Cargo by Two or More Holders and Deposit)
Article 860 (Ranking of Several Holders of Bill of Lading)
Article 861 (Provisions Applicable Mutatis Mutandis)
Article 862 (Electronic Bill of Lading)
Article 863 (Issuance of Seaway Bill)
Article 864 (Effect of Seaway Bill)
CHAPTER III MARITIME PERILS
Section 1 General Average
Section 1 General Average
Article 865 (Requirements of General Average)
Article 866 (Sharing Expenses of General Average)
Article 867 (Calculation of Sharing Amount of General Average)
Article 868 (Limited Liability of Sharer of General Average)
Article 869 (Calculation of Damages of General Average)
Article 870 (Recourse against Liable Person)
Article 871 (Exclusion from Share of General Average)
Article 872 (Exclusion from Claim for Share of General Average)
Article 873 (False Statement of Value of Cargo and General Average)
Article 874 (Recovery of Damage Which is General Average)
Article 875 (Termination of Claim of General Average)
Section 2 Collision of Ship
Article 876 (Provisions Applicable to Collision of Ship)
Article 877 (Collision due to Force Majeure)
Article 878 (Collision due to Fault of One Party)
Article 879 (Collision due to Fault of Both Parties)
Article 880 (Collision due to Fault of Pilot)
Article 881 (Termination of Claim for Collision of Ship)
Section 3 Salvage
Article 882 (Requirements of Salvage)
Article 883 (Determination of Remuneration)
Article 884 (Limit of Remuneration)
Article 885 (Special Remuneration for Environmental Damage Preventive Operations)
Article 886 (Payment Obligation of Salvage Remuneration)
Article 887 (Agreement on Salvage)
Article 888 (Distribution of Salvage Remuneration between Co-Salvors)
Article 889 (Distribution of Remuneration for Salvage Inside One Ship)
Article 890 (Case of Salvage by Tugboat)
Article 891 (Remuneration between Ships Belonging to Same Owner)
Article 892 (Persons Who Have No Claim for Salvage Remuneration)
Article 893 (Preferential Right of Salvor)
Article 894 (Authority of Shipmaster concerning Payment of Salvage Remuneration)
Article 895 (Termination of Claim for Salvage Remuneration)
ADDENDA
ADDENDUM<Act No. 1212, Dec. 12, 1962>
ADDENDA<Act No. 3724, Apr. 10, 1984>
ADDENDUM<Act No. 4372, May 31, 1991>
ADDENDA<Act No. 4470, Dec. 31, 1991>
ADDENDA<Act No. 4796, Dec. 22, 1994>
ADDENDA<Act No. 5053, Dec. 29, 1995>
ADDENDA<Act No. 5591, Dec. 28, 1998>
ADDENDA<Act No. 5809, Feb. 5, 1999>
ADDENDA<Act No. 6086, Dec. 31, 1999>
ADDENDA<Act No. 6488, Jul. 24, 2001>
ADDENDUM<Act No. 6545, Dec. 29, 2001>
ADDENDA<Act No. 8581, Aug. 3, 2007>
ADDENDA<Act No. 8582, Aug. 3, 2007>
ADDENDA<Act No. 9362, Jan. 30, 2009>